蝶恋花·天淡云闲晴昼永
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宋代]：李之仪
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天淡云闲晴昼永。庭户深沈，满地梧桐影。骨冷魂清如梦醒。梦回犹是前时景。
取次杯盘催酩酊。醉帽频欹，又被风吹正。踏月归来人已静。恍疑身在蓬莱顶。
蝶恋花·天淡云闲晴昼永鉴赏
词至南宋始多运典，有“掉书袋”之习。而北宋词坛，一般仍以白描精绘、直抒胸臆为主，与唐五代词相去不甚远。李之仪的词大致亦多如此。
此词上阕主要写作者白昼酣睡和初醒之状。前三句都写作者昼眠初醒时所见之景。“天淡云闲”，括写此日好天气，而“晴昼永”三字，表面似写昼长，实际上却暗写作者昼眠时间之长。“庭户深沉”，既交代了作者的昼眠地点，又说明作者是闭门独眠。而“满地梧桐影”，则点缀了庭内的幽静气氛。“骨冷魂清”四字，固然可能是昼梦所致，但从全词的纵酒豪放的落拓不羁来看，作者很可能就是躺在梧桐树下的阴影中昼眠的。“梦醒”、“梦回”，说明作者是睡了又睡、一梦连一梦。而所梦者，则皆是生平所感之人事。
于是，作者因梦而感慨，索性爬将起来，到外面去喝酒排遣了。下阕即由酣睡而转到了对自己醉酒情景的描写。此处的“催”字用得好，表明作者是催促自己赶快醉去，这与杜牧的诗句“但将酩酊酬佳节”同妙。而“醉帽频倚，又被风吹正”之句，虽纯从杜甫的诗句“羞将短发还吹帽，笑倩傍人为正冠”中化出，但却活画出作者从酒肆出来，巾帽歪戴，一个人在风中醉步踉跄、摇摇摆摆的醉酒情景。“踏月”二字，则说明作者归来已经天黑，暗透出其饮酒时间之长，与上阕之“晴昼”恰成反笔。“人已静”，则已夜深矣。而作者却仍然恍恍忽忽，怀疑自己是否身在“蓬莱顶”上。这不仅说明此时作者酒意尚未全醒，又反映了词人豁达开朗、怡然自乐的情怀，与“醉帽频倚”数句，都可说是“酩酊”二字的具体写照。
总之，此词上阕写白昼独眠，下阕写夜半醉归，表现了作者对酒当歌、行乐及时的人生态度和宽敞胸怀。而其对人生的感叹之意，则均在酣睡与醉酒之后深藏着，让人们自己去领会。这可以说是此词的基本构思。
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苏轼《
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江神子（冬景）》
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张继先《
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沁园春》
李之仪简介
唐代·李之仪的简介
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李之仪(1038～1117）北宋词人。字端叔，自号姑溪居士、姑溪老农。汉族，沧州无棣（庆云县）人。哲宗元祐初为枢密院编修官，通判原州。元祐末从苏轼于定州幕府，朝夕倡酬。元符中监内香药库，御史石豫参劾他曾为苏轼幕僚，不可以任京官，被停职。徽宗崇宁初提举河东常平。后因得罪权贵蔡京，除名编管太平州（今安徽当涂），后遇赦复官，晚年卜居当涂。著有《姑溪词》一卷、《姑溪居士前集》五十卷和《姑溪题跋》二卷。
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