孟子见梁襄王
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]：孟子及弟子
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孟子见梁襄王。出，语人曰：“望之不似人君，就之而不见所畏焉。
卒然问曰：‘天下恶乎定？’
吾对曰：‘定于一。’‘孰能一之？’
对曰：‘不嗜杀人者能一之。’
‘孰能与之？’
对曰：‘天下莫不与也。王知夫苗乎？七八月之间旱，则苗槁矣。天油然作云，沛然下雨，则苗浡然兴之矣！其如是，孰能御之？今夫天下之人牧，未有不嗜杀人者也。如有不嗜杀人者，则天下之民皆引领而望之矣。诚如是也，民归之，由水之就下，沛然谁能御之？’”
孟子见梁襄王译文及注释
译文
孟子进见梁襄王，出来后，对人说：“（梁襄王）远远看上去不像个国君的样子，走近他也看不到有什么使人敬畏的地方。
（他见了我之后）突然问道：“天下要怎样才能安定呢？”
我回答说：”天下安定在于统一天下。“
“谁能统一天下呢？”
我对他说：“不嗜杀的国君能统一天下。”
“谁会归附他呢？”
我又回答：“天下没有不归附他的。大王您知道禾苗生长的情况吗？当七八月间一发生干旱，禾苗就要枯槁了。一旦天上乌云密布，下起大雨，那么禾苗就长得茂盛了。像这样的话，谁能阻止它呢？而现在天下国君，没有一个不嗜好杀人。如果有一个不喜欢杀人的（国君），那么普天下的老百姓都会伸长脖子仰望着他了。如果像这样，老百姓就归附他，就像水往低处流一样，这哗啦啦的汹涌势头，谁又能够阻挡得了呢？”
注释
梁襄王：即魏襄王，名嗣（一说名赫），魏惠王的儿子，前318一前296年在位，襄是他死后的谥号.此处所说的事，当在襄王继位后不久.
语（yù预）：告诉.
卒：通"猝",突然.熹《集往》概括以上描述梁襄王形态的语句云："盖容貌辞气乃德之符，其外如此，则其中之所存者可知."
恶（Wū乌）乎：怎样，如何.
定于一：朱熹《集注》云："必合于一然后定."（一：统一。）
与：此处为归顺，随 从之意.
油然：朱熹《集注》云："云盛貌."
沛然：朱熹《集注》云："雨盛貌."
浡（bó博）然：朱熹《集注》云："兴起貌."
人牧：管理民众的人，即统治者.
领：即脖子.
由：通"犹"
定：安定。
孰：谁。
嗜：喜欢。
与：归附。
孟子见梁襄王鉴赏
清代刘熙载说：“孟子之文，至简至易，如舟师执舵；中流自在，而推移费力者不觉自屈。”（《艺概·文概》）我们读《孟子见梁襄王》也就可以得到印证。这一章选自《孟子·梁惠王上》，以孟子见过梁襄王之后，向人转述他与梁襄王对答的情况，表现了主张“仁政”“王道”的一贯思想。
孟子处于战国七雄争霸的时代，新兴地主阶级正在崛起，并要取得政治上的统治地位，因而社会矛盾更趋激烈，兼并战争日益频繁。“争地以战，杀人盈野；争城以战，杀人盈城”的战争和“庖有肥肉，厩有肥马，民有饥色，野有饿莩”的阶级对立，正如孟子所说：“民之憔悴于虐政，未有盛于此时者也。”孟子到处宣扬“保民而王”“仁义为本”的思想，在当时符合人民的愿望，有一定的积极意义。孟子首先到梁（今开封）谒见梁惠王，向梁惠王游说，在此并见到梁惠王的儿子，也就是梁襄王。孟子与梁襄王的应对中，孟子先以天上雨水比喻君泽，后以地上流水比喻民心，相互关联，又各赋其义，既自然又新颖，既为人熟知又让人深感贴切，这不仅鲜明地表明了孟子的观点，还表现出他高超的谈话艺术。
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