水龙吟·雪中登大观亭
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清代]：邓廷桢
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关河冻合梨云，冲寒犹试连钱骑。思量旧梦，黄梅听雨，危阑倦倚。
披氅重来，不分明出，可怜烟水。算夔巫万里，金焦两点，谁说与，苍茫意？
却忆蛟台往事，耀弓刀，舳舻天际。而今剩了，低迷鱼艇，模粘雁字。
我辈登临，残山送暝，远江延醉。折梅花去也，城西炬火，照琼瑶碎。
水龙吟·雪中登大观亭创作背景
公元1840年，中英鸦片战争爆发，邓廷桢因曾随林则徐参与虎门销烟，被诬削职，次年远戍伊犁。从词人在长江下游追忆自己昔年禁烟抗英壮举的叙述来看，此首词应创作于他被革职之后，流放伊犁之前。
水龙吟·雪中登大观亭鉴赏
本词开篇切题，由雪而起。关山河川，冰封万里，耸起的林木如同梨树白花满枝。“梨云”即梨花云，语出《墨庄漫录》中所引唐代诗人王建《梦看梨花云歌》中“薄薄落落雾不分，梦中唤作梨花云”一句，原指梦中恍惚所见如云似雪的缤纷梨花，后世文人常用以摹状雪景。“连线骑”即古代名马“连线骢”，因其毛色深浅斑驳而称，此处为押韵而改，即指骏马。词人冒雪“冲寒”跨马驰骋，迸发出胸中一腔难以抑制的不平之气。此番登上大观亭，原为旧地重游。初到此地时，正值黄梅时节，词人凭倚高栏，耳中所闻，惟有一片雨声，令人困倦。如今重到此地，雾霭迷蒙，烟水障目，依然无法使词人敞开胸怀。随后深入一笔：“算夔巫万里，金焦两点，谁说与，苍茫意？”“谁说与”即“与谁说”。整句的意思是：从远处长江中游的夔门、巫峡到近处长江下游的金山、焦山，神州江山，腹地受侵，而词人心中的忧思和迷茫无人可诉。“算”字意谓反复、费神地寻思。写出了词人找不到知音、得不到理解的悲哀和痛苦。其实这又何尝不是词人对当时社会环境的怨责？
“却忆蛟台往事，耀弓刀，舳舻天际”，“蛟台”在今广东虎门附近；“舳舻”是船头和船尾的合称，泛指前后首尾相接的船队。词人追忆自己当年与林则徐在虎门协力禁烟，多次率领舰队抗击英国侵略者。“耀弓刀，舳舻天际”便是描绘当时的战斗场景。着一“耀”字，表现出中华正义之师的威风与豪气，也明白地道出作为主要指挥者之一的邓廷桢以此壮举为骄傲的光荣感。然而这一切都已成为往事，如今眼前只剩下江上迷离的渔船和天边模糊的雁群，因为词人已被革职，已经远离了前线，不能再横枪勒马，为国效力。此刻他只能站在大观亭上，凝望残山，送别黄昏，只能望着远处江水东逝，借酒浇愁。
词人怀着满腔热情，却是报国无门，这使他深感困惑，而这也正是近代中国的悲哀。即使词人放弃追求，别人也会理解他的这种选择，因为他已无法再积极作为。但词人不愿就此度过余生，他依然怀着自己不渝的情操，保持着不屈不挠的品格。词以踏雪折梅作结，即向世人表明这样的夙愿，从而使整篇词意得以进一步升华。
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吴文英《
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丑奴儿慢·麓翁飞翼楼观雪》
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张孜《
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雪诗》
邓廷桢简介
唐代·邓廷桢的简介
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邓廷桢（1776-1846），字维周，又字嶰筠，晚号妙吉祥室老人、刚木老人。汉族，江苏江宁(今南京)人。祖籍苏州洞庭西山明月湾。清代官吏，民族英雄。嘉庆六年进士，工书法、擅诗文、授编修，官至云贵、闽浙、两江总督，与林则徐协力查禁鸦片，击退英舰挑衅。后调闽浙，坐在粤办理不善事戍伊犁。释还，迁至陕西巡抚。有《石砚斋诗抄》等多部著作传世。江苏南京市有“邓廷桢墓”可供瞻仰、凭吊。
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