送孔巢父谢病归游江东兼呈李白
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唐代]：杜甫
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巢父掉头不肯住，东将入海随烟雾。
诗卷长留天地间，钓竿欲拂珊瑚树。
深山大泽龙蛇远，春寒野阴风景暮。
蓬莱织女回云车，指点虚无是归路。
自是君身有仙骨，世人那得知其故。
惜君只欲苦死留，富贵何如草头露？
蔡侯静者意有余，清夜置酒临前除。
罢琴惆怅月照席：“几岁寄我空中书？
南寻禹穴见李白，道甫问讯今何如！”
送孔巢父谢病归游江东兼呈李白译文及注释
译文
孔巢父摇头不住长安，将去东海随烟雾飘流。
将诗卷永远留人世间，放竿垂钓采珊瑚求生。
隐居深山般遁世高蹈，时值春寒冷峭景凋零。
仙女们驾着云车而来，指点虚无的归隐之处。
自以为他有仙风道骨，谁知离长安归隐之因？
爱惜巢父想苦苦相留，应知富贵像草尖露水！
蔡侯是淡薄名利的人，趁凉夜庭中摆酒饯行。
失意停琴见孤月残席，何年从仙界寄我书信？
向南找禹穴若见李白，代我问候他现在怎样！
注释
孔巢父，《旧唐书》有传。他早年和李白等六人隐居山东徂徕山，号“竹溪六逸”。谢病，是托病弃官，不一定是真病。李白这时正在浙东，诗中又怀念到他，故题用“兼呈”。
这句写巢父无心功名富贵。掉头，犹摇头。“不肯住”三字要和下文“苦死留”对看。朋友们要他待在长安，他总是摇头。
这句有两层意思：一方面表明巢父不仅不恋宫贵，连自己的诗集也留在人间不要了；另一方面也说明巢父的诗可以长留不朽。巢父诗今不传，这句赠诗倒成了杜甫的自评。
珊瑚树生热带深海中，原由珊瑚虫集结而成，前人不知，见其形如小树，因误以为植物。上言巢父入海，故这里用珊瑚树。
此二句写东游的境界。上句，字面上用《左传》“深山大泽，实生龙蛇”，但含有比意。巢父的遁世高蹈，有似于龙蛇的远处深山大泽。下句兼点明送别是在春天。
蓬莱，传说中的三仙山之一，在东海中。织女，星名，神话中说是天帝的孙女。这里泛指仙子。虚无，即《庄子》所谓“无何有之乡”。归路，犹归宿。
知其故，指弃宫访道之故。
这是一个转折语。代巢父点醒世人，也可看作转述巢父本人的话。草头露，是说容易消灭。
静者，恬静的人，谓不热衷富贵。别人要留，他却欢送，其意更深，所以说“意有馀”。除，台阶。
唐时宴会多用妓乐，送巢父却不合适，所以只用琴。罢琴，弹完了琴。酒阑琴罢，就要分别，故不免“惆怅”。下面三句都是临别时的嘱咐。
空中书，泛指仙人寄来的信。把对方看作神仙，故称为空中书，杜甫是不信神仙的。“几岁”二字很幽默，意思是说不知你何岁何年才成得个神仙。
参考资料：
1、萧涤非 ．杜甫诗选注 ．北京 ：人民文学出版社 ，1998年8月版 ：第15-17页 ．
2、于海娣 等 ．唐诗鉴赏大全集 ．北京 ：中国华侨出版社 ，2010年12月版 ：第151-152页 ．
送孔巢父谢病归游江东兼呈李白创作背景
朱鹤龄认为，此诗为杜甫天宝（唐玄宗年号，742—756）年间在京师长安所作。当时蔡侯饯别孔巢父，杜甫在筵席上赋此诗。萧涤非考证出这首诗的具体创作时间是公元747年（唐玄宗天宝六载）春，地点在长安，它是杜甫集中最早的一首七言古诗。
参考资料：
1、萧涤非 ．杜甫诗选注 ．北京 ：人民文学出版社 ，1998年8月版 ：第15-17页 ．
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辛弃疾《
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鹧鸪天·送元济之归豫章》
杜甫简介
唐代·杜甫的简介
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杜甫（712－770），字子美，自号少陵野老，世称“杜工部”、“杜少陵”等，汉族，河南府巩县（今河南省巩义市）人，唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，杜甫被世人尊为“诗圣”，其诗被称为“诗史”。杜甫与李白合称“李杜”，为了跟另外两位诗人李商隐与杜牧即“小李杜”区别开来，杜甫与李白又合称“大李杜”。他忧国忧民，人格高尚，他的约1400余首诗被保留了下来，诗艺精湛，在中国古典诗歌中备受推崇，影响深远。759-766年间曾居成都，后世有杜甫草堂纪念。
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