新雷
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清代]：张维屏
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千红万紫安排著，只待新雷第一声。
新雷译文及注释
译文
大自然虽然默默无言，但却有情，寒尽而带来春天，悄悄地安排好万紫千红的百花含苞待放
大自然早已安排好了万紫千红，只等春雷一响，百花就将竞相开放。
注释
新雷：春天的第一个雷声，象征春天的莅临。古人认为雷是动生万物的
造物：指天。古人认为天是创造万物的
每于：常常在。
新雷创作背景
这首绝句写于道光四年（1824）初春，正是鸦片战争前的十余年。当时清政权腐败黑暗，已臻至绝境；而西方的鸦片贸易，又在不断增加。明智的士大夫，目睹这内外交困的局势，既满怀焦急不安；又渴望新局面的到来。《新雷》正是寄寓这种复杂情绪的产物。
参考资料：
1、上海辞书出版社文学鉴赏辞典编纂中心 ．《元明清诗三百首鉴赏辞典》 ．上海 ：上海辞书出版社 ，2012 ：413 ．
新雷鉴赏
这首诗平顺自然，没有难词拗句，比较容易领会。在艺术构思上，诗人却匠心独运，使诗歌的表达手段有了新意。
首先，诗人的移情手法，赋予自然界具有人的情感活动和思维能力。“造物无言却有情”，作为造物者的天，即自然界，本来并不具有人类的情感和思维。诗人笔下，自然界不但能思维，而且在不言不语之中，饱含着对人类的感情。这表现在害怕寒冷的人类，在最难熬的时刻，自然界会冬去春来，带来温暖。不仅如此，还刻意安排了万紫千红的百花，来愉悦人类、安慰人类。这一切，只等一声春雷炸响之后，就出现了。自然四时运行，本来是自然界的规律，无情绪可言。诗人有意识地把人类的情绪活动外射到自然界中，使自然界具有与诗人共鸣的思想感情活动。因此，诗人笔下的自然，实际上是诗人思绪改造过了的自然。在这个自然画面上，寄托了诗人对于一种新的社会环境，新的生活气氛的追求和仰慕，也启示了读者对更新更高尚美好生活的渴望。
其次，诗人在处理全诗情绪的转换时，巧妙地利用最富于孕育性的时刻这一美学手段。诗人不写新雷之后满目欢愉的情形，而集中写新雷炸响前夕，万物俱备而万物俱待这一关键时刻，使画面更富悬念，更具戏剧色彩。因为造物有情，寒尽春生，千红万紫的百花正含苞待放，自然界一时间仿佛处于静止的等待之中。这是巨大变化前夕的平静，是第一声春雷炸响前的寂静。所以，平静、寂静之中，蕴藏着即将爆发的巨变。在人们的情绪上，只有这样的时刻，最令人紧张，也最富于想象力。诗人抓住了第一声春雷炸响前夕这个富于孕育性的时刻，更能表达他对春天的渴望，对新的生活环境的渴望。
因为诗人巧妙运用了移情手法和富于孕育性的时刻，来描写冬尽春来一时间情绪的波澜，诗歌虽然短小，却隽永清新，为人传唱。
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李贺《
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湘妃》
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湖湘以竹车激水粳稻如云书此能仁》
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张维屏(1780-1859年)，字子树，号南山，又号松心子，晚号珠海老渔，广东番禺(今广东省广州市)人。嘉庆九年(1804年)中举人，道光二年(1822年)中进士，因厌倦官场黑暗，于道光十六年(1836年)辞官归里，隐居“听松园”，闭户著述。
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