满江红·小住京华
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清代]：秋瑾
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小住京华，早又是，中秋佳节。为篱下，黄花开遍，秋容如拭。四面歌残终破楚，八年风味徒思浙。苦将侬，强派作蛾眉，殊未屑！(徒思浙一作：独思浙，蛾眉一作：娥眉)
身不得，男儿列。心却比，男儿烈！算平生肝胆，因人常热。俗子胸襟谁识我？英雄末路当磨折。莽红尘，何处觅知音？青衫湿！(俗子一作：俗夫，磨折一作：折磨)
满江红·小住京华译文及注释
译文
我在京城小住时日，转眼间就又到了中秋佳节。篱笆下面的菊花都已盛开，秋色明净，就像刚刚擦洗过一般。四面的歌声渐歇，我也终如汉之破楚，突破了家庭的牢笼，如今一个人思量着在浙江时那八年的生活况味。他们苦苦地想让我做一个贵妇人，其实，我是多么的不屑啊！
今生我虽然不能身为男子，加入他们的行列。但是我的心，要比男子的心还要刚烈。想想平日，我的一颗心，常为别人而热。那些俗人，心胸狭窄，怎么能懂我呢？英雄在无路可走的时候，难免要经受磨难挫折。在这莽莽红尘之中，哪里才能觅到知音呢？眼泪打湿了我的衣襟。
注释
满江红：词牌名。唐朝名《上江虹》，后改今名。
小住京华：到京不久。小住，暂时居住。京华，京城的美称，这里指北京。
秋容如拭：秋色明净，就像刚刚擦洗过一般。
四面歌残终破楚：列强逼近，中国前途危殆。此处用《史记·项羽本纪》“夜闻汉军四面皆楚歌，项王乃大惊”故事。
八年风味徒思浙：八年来空想着故乡浙江的风味。八年，作者光绪二十二年（1896）在湖南结婚，到作词时恰好八年。徒，空，徒然。
苦将侬：苦苦地让我。
蛾眉：美女的代称，这里指女子。
殊未屑：仍然不放在心上。殊，还，仍然。未，不。屑，顾惜，介意。
烈：刚正，不轻易屈服。
因人常热：为别人而屡屡激动。热，激动。
末路：路途的终点，比喻失意潦倒或没有前途的境地。
莽（mǎng）：广大。
青衫湿：失意伤心。用唐白居易《琵琶行》“座中泣下谁最多？江州司马青衫湿”诗义。青衫，唐代文官八品、九品服以青，为官职最低的服色。
参考资料：
1、秋瑾．秋瑾集．上海古籍：上海古籍出版社，1979年
满江红·小住京华创作背景
这是秋瑾在1903年中秋节的述怀之作，值八国联军入侵后不久，她决心献身救国事业，而其丈夫无心国事。中秋节，秋瑾与丈夫王廷均发生冲突，离家出走，寓居北京阜城门外泰顺客栈。后虽由吴芝瑛出面调解，但秋瑾下决心投身革命。东渡日本留学。这首词是她在中秋节的述怀之作。
满江红·小住京华鉴赏
词的上片写与王子芳结婚八年，表面上过着富贵人的生活，实际上是“奴仆不如”的生活，如今与其决裂，突破家庭束缚，实现了“求自立”的愿望。“苦将侬，强派作蛾眉”进一步说明表面上过着贵妇人的生活，实则奴仆不如的“八年风味”。“殊未屑”表明作者对贵妇人的生活，并不留恋，相反加以蔑视。上片主要表达了作者自己初离家庭时的矛盾心情，别具匠心。
词的下片写词人虽有凌云壮志，但知音难觅，不觉泪湿衣襟。作者虽是女子，但却有一颗男子之心，所以能冲破家庭牢笼。平日她虽以肝胆相照，真诚恳切，但不为世俗所了解，因此生活中常受折磨。离家以后，在大千世界中，不知去何处去寻找知音。找不到知音，又将会受折磨。想到这一点，作者不觉伤心落泪，也是很自然的。这种担心和忧虑，真实地反映了一个革命者刚踏上革命征途的思想状况。
“身不得，男儿列；心却比，男儿烈！”这四句是深入浅出的鉴湖女侠的自我写照，她运用“身与心、列与烈”两句四字谐音和意义不同的显著变化，来表达她的抱负、志向和思想感情的转变，正是上接“苦将侬，强派作蛾眉，殊未屑！”这两句进一步的思想发展。紧接着表明她是一个“算平生肝胆，因人常热”的富有感情的人，但不幸偏遇着这么一个庸夫俗子的丈夫，因她穿着男装独自去看了一次戏，竟遭丈夫的辱打，不由她不发出“俗子胸襟谁识我？英雄末路当磨折。莽红尘，何处觅知音？青衫湿！”这样的浩叹。
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吴藻《
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秋瑾简介
唐代·秋瑾的简介
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秋瑾（1875年11月8日－1907年7月15日），女，中国女权和女学思想的倡导者，近代民主革命志士。第一批为推翻满清政权和数千年封建统治而牺牲的革命先驱，为辛亥革命做出了巨大贡献；提倡女权女学，为妇女解放运动的发展起到了巨大的推动作用。1907年7月15日凌晨，秋瑾从容就义于绍兴轩亭口，年仅32岁。
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