论诗三十首·十八
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金朝]：元好问
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东野穷愁死不休，高天厚地一诗囚。
江山万古潮阳笔，合在元龙百尺楼。
论诗三十首·十八鉴赏
“诗囚”句，元好问《放言》“韩非死孤愤，虞卿著穷愁，长沙一湘累，郊岛两诗囚”。诗囚，“为诗所囚”，指孟郊、贾岛作诗苦吟，讲求炼字铸句，把诗看作生命中最重要的事情，好像成为诗的囚徒一般。孟郊以穷愁为诗，至死不休，处高天厚地之大，而自我局限于穷苦之吟，真似一个诗中的累囚。“诗囚”二字，与“高天厚地”形成藐小与巨大的强烈对比，亦可见好问之别具匠心，造句用语新颖别致。“死不休”的夸饰手法，亦比“死方休”、“死即休”来得巧妙，勾勒穷愁不断，极深刻独到。
这首诗是评论孟郊的诗，元好问认为他根本不能与韩愈的诗相提并论。孟郊与韩愈同为中唐韩孟诗派的代表，但有不同。孟郊一生沉落下僚，贫寒凄苦，郁郁寡欢，受尽苦难生活的磨难，将毕生精力用于作诗，以苦吟而著称。孟郊的才力不及韩愈雄大，再加上沦落不遇的生活经历也一定程度上限制了他的视野，使得他的怪奇诗风偏向个人贫病饥寒，充满幽僻、清冷、苦涩意象，被称为“郊寒”。而韩愈的诗歌虽有怪奇意象，但却气势见长，磅礴雄大，豪放激越，酣畅淋漓。司空图说他“驱架气势，若掀雷挟电，奋腾于天地之间。”
韩愈的这种气势雄浑，天然化成的诗歌风格正是元好问所崇尚的，而孟郊的雕琢和险怪的风格正是元好问所批判的。因此，元好问认为孟郊和韩愈不能相提并论，韩愈的作品如江山万古长存，与孟郊比，一个如在百尺高楼，一个如在地下。不过，在诗中元好问对孟郊也有同情之意。
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元好问《
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论诗三十首·三十》
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元好问《
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论诗三十首·其六》
元好问简介
唐代·元好问的简介
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元好问，字裕之，号遗山，太原秀容（今山西忻州）人；系出北魏鲜卑族拓跋氏，元好问过继叔父元格；七岁能诗，十四岁从学郝天挺，六载而业成；兴定五年（1221）进士，不就选；正大元年（1224 ），中博学宏词科，授儒林郎，充国史院编修，历镇平、南阳、内乡县令。八年（1231）秋，受诏入都，除尚书省掾、左司都事，转员外郎；金亡不仕，元宪宗七年卒于获鹿寓舍；工诗文，在金元之际颇负重望；诗词风格沉郁，并多伤时感事之作。其《论诗》绝句三十首在中国文学批评史上颇有地位；作有《遗山集》又名《遗山先生文集》，编有《中州集》。
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