青玉案·碧山锦树明秋霁
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宋代]：曹组
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碧山锦树明秋霁。路转陡，疑无地。忽有人家临曲水，竹篱茅舍，酒旗沙岸，一簇成村市。
凄凉只恐乡心起。凤楼远、回头谩凝睇。何处今宵孤馆里，一声征雁，半窗残月，总是离人泪。
青玉案·碧山锦树明秋霁译文及注释
译文
秋雨初晴，青山红树显得分外明丽。山路突然转陡，让人怀疑到了尽头。忽然看见弯曲的水流附近有人家。竹篱茅屋，酒旗沙岸，形成了一簇村市。
只恐凄凉的思乡之情升起。凤楼渺远，回首空自望。今晚将会宿在哪座孤馆中呢？秋雁一声长鸣，残月映照半窗。总是离人的眼泪。
注释
青玉案：词牌名，又名“横塘路”“西湖路”，双调六十七字，前后片各五仄韵，上去通押。
锦树：指被秋霜染红的树木。霁（jì）：雨雪停止，天放晴。
凤楼：妇女的居处，这里代指家中的妻子。谩：徒然、空自。凝睇：凝视，注视。
征雁：迁徙的雁，多指秋天南飞的雁。
参考资料：
1、朱孝臧．宋词三百首全解 全民阅读提升版：中国华侨出版社，2015：第228页
青玉案·碧山锦树明秋霁创作背景
这首词具体创作年代已不详 。王灼《碧鸡漫志》称曹组“每出长短句，脍炙人口。”他的词学柳永，以抒写旅愁乡思、歌颂京都繁华为主题。这首《青玉案》就是写他即景而生、不可按捺的旅愁和乡思。
参考资料：
1、田宝琴．诗词曲赋名作鉴赏大辞典 词曲赋卷：北岳文艺出版社，1989：第288页
青玉案·碧山锦树明秋霁鉴赏
这是一首抒写旅愁乡思的词。秋山行旅，忽见临水人家，不觉触动乡心。进而感叹路远人遥，空自凝望，最后以推想今宵旅宿的凄凉况味作结。写来峰回路转，曲折尽致。
“碧山锦树明秋霁”，首句点出行旅的节令和境地。秋雨初晴，秋空如洗，显得青山红树分外明丽。一肩行李，秋色如画，雨后的晴光更给这幅秋山行旅图增添了欢快的亮色。此词意在抒写旅愁，却于开头弹出一串欢快的音符，遥映后文，以形成节奏的变化和情绪的跌宕。
“路转陡，疑无地。”行行之际，山路转陡，几疑路穷。这种“山穷水复疑无路”的感觉，正是“柳暗花明又一村”的前奏，而旅行者的乐趣亦莫过于此。“忽有人家临曲水。竹篱茅舍，酒旗沙岸，一簇成村市。”这四句写忽然之间惊喜的发现。行文开合顿挫，饶有风致。它看似景语，却包孕着丰富的情感内涵和微妙的心理变化过程。竹篱茅舍的临水人家，岸边迎风轻扬的酒旗，远处错错落落的烟村，多么宁静安详而富有人情味，它使旅人感到一种有所依托的温暖和慰藉。然而眼前这如画的烟村，又不期然地成为思乡的蛊惑，于是正当惊喜凝望之际，一缕乡思已从心底悄悄地萌发了。
“凄凉只恐乡心起”，一语领起下片。“凄凉”二字，形容一掬“乡心”的况味；“只恐”二字妙。拓开一步，欲防范而不能，似未然而实不期然而然。处此境地，“心”不由己，透过一层来写乡思之撩人，笔意更觉深挚。“凤楼远、回头谩凝睇。”这两句感叹路远人遥，视线难及，纵然回头凝望，又有什么用!这就点明了“乡心”的具体内涵，并对“凄凉只恐乡心起”作了第一层回应和铺染。接着运笔入虚，从望乡的怅惘转入今宵旅宿的孤寂情景。“何处今宵孤馆里，一声征雁，半窗残月，总是离人泪”，全从揣想着笔，身未一一经而心先历历想，念念及此，不禁黯然伤神。这是对“凄凉只恐乡心起”的第二层回应和铺染。其写法颇类似于柳永《雨霖铃》词的名句“今宵酒醒何处？杨柳岸晓风残月”，但意脉并不相同，且境地更见凄清，情怀亦更觉悲苦。“一声征雁”，使人想到一字抵千金的家书，又自然会发出“雁归人未归”的感喟；“半窗残月”，则使人想见“落月满屋梁，犹疑照颜色”的梦后惆怅之情。总之，独宿孤馆，乡思盈怀，所闻所见，无不献愁供恨，催人泪下。这四句与上片“忽有人家临曲水。竹篱茅舍，酒旗沙岸，一簇成村市”四句遥相映照，前后有一种因果相生的关联，却又和谐地组成同一主题的变奏。
这首词上片似乎纯然写景，而一一从行旅者眼中见出，便觉景中寓情，貌似明丽而实已伏下突变的契机。过片承转十分自然，而神光一注到底；写来吞吐曲折，虚实错综，极尽铺染之能事。一结盘空作势，又复回盼前文，更觉精神飞动，情韵无尽。
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徐再思《
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水仙子·夜雨》
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周邦彦《
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曹组简介
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曹组，北宋词人。生卒年不详。字元宠。颍昌（今河南许昌）人。一说阳翟（今河南禹县）人。曾官睿思殿应制，因占对才敏，深得宋徽宗宠幸，奉诏作《艮岳百咏》诗。约于徽宗末年去世。存词36首。曹组的词以"侧艳"和"滑稽下俚"著称，在北宋末曾传唱一时，浅薄无聊者纷纷仿效。但在南宋初却受到有识者的批评，甚至鄙弃。一些词描写其羁旅生活，感受真切，境界颇为深远，无论手法、情韵，都与柳永词有继承关系。
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