登柳州峨山
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唐代]：柳宗元
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荒山秋日午，独上意悠悠。
如何望乡处，西北是融州。
登柳州峨山译文及注释
译文
一个秋天的中午我登上了荒山，独自一人形影孤单意乱心烦。
无可奈何望不到故乡的踪影，西北方向尽是融州的高大山峦。
注释
峨山：现名鹅山，在柳州市区西部，其形似鹅，是柳州市区内第一高山，已建成公园。
荒山：指峨山。柳宗元在《柳州山水近治可游者记》中说，“峨山在野中，无麓”。
悠悠：指无限的忧思。如何:奈何。
乡：故乡。这里是指京城长安。
融州：唐武德四年置，古称融州、玉融州，治所在今融水苗族自治县。
登柳州峨山创作背景
这首诗具体的创作年代已无从考证。柳宗元怀着深深的思乡之情，登上了当时柳州近郊的峨山，希望能够看到远处的长安，排解心中的忧郁。但是目力远不能及，只知道西北方向是紧邻柳州的融州而已，反而引起了无限的惆怅，于是写下了这首表示无可奈何的诗。
参考资料：
1、谢汉强主编．柳宗元柳州诗文选读：西安地图出版社，1999.12：81
登柳州峨山鉴赏
这首诗就眼前景下笔，“秋”点节令，“午”点时间，“荒山”即峨山，荒凉萧疏，写景为抒写“意悠悠”之情作渲染。身遭贬谪，远离家乡，独上荒山，心绪万千，可见“意悠悠”涵盖着诗人当时复杂纷繁的情感。第三句虚接，转出“望乡”情，这悠悠情思中，乡情是诗人当前最重要的情愫。然而，登上峨山望乡，“西北是融州”，隔断了诗人的视线，故乡不可见。
这首诗的艺术特色“外枯而中膏，似淡而实美”，显得自然和淡，含蓄有味。诗人先写“荒山”，后写“独上”，最后以疑问作结：为什么我望乡的地方，偏偏却只见融州。下面让读者自己去回味、深思，以想象和推论作补充。这里没有秾丽鲜艳的色彩，没有絮絮滔滔的叙述，仅仅二十字，既构思完整，又感情充沛。这实在是难能可贵的。
这首诗实景虚写，表面是题写山水，实际抒发其归国无路的隐痛。作者以眼前之景，道难言之苦，构想自然，神妙无比。又蕴含离乡之情、迁谪之思，言简意赅，语近情遥，深于哀怨，真是绝妙好诗。
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刘过《
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沁园春·张路分秋阅》
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刘过《
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沁园春·张路分秋阅》
柳宗元简介
唐代·柳宗元的简介
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柳宗元（773年－819年），字子厚，唐代河东（今山西运城）人，杰出诗人、哲学家、儒学家乃至成就卓著的政治家，唐宋八大家之一。著名作品有《永州八记》等六百多篇文章，经后人辑为三十卷，名为《柳河东集》。因为他是河东人，人称柳河东，又因终于柳州刺史任上，又称柳柳州。柳宗元与韩愈同为中唐古文运动的领导人物，并称“韩柳”。在中国文化史上，其诗、文成就均极为杰出，可谓一时难分轩轾。
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