登柳州峨山
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唐代]:柳宗元
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荒山秋日午,独上意悠悠。
如何望乡处,西北是融州。
登柳州峨山译文及注释
译文
一个秋天的中午我登上了荒山,独自一人形影孤单意乱心烦。
无可奈何望不到故乡的踪影,西北方向尽是融州的高大山峦。
注释
峨山:现名鹅山,在柳州市区西部,其形似鹅,是柳州市区内第一高山,已建成公园。
荒山:指峨山。柳宗元在《柳州山水近治可游者记》中说,“峨山在野中,无麓”。
悠悠:指无限的忧思。如何:奈何。
乡:故乡。这里是指京城长安。
融州:唐武德四年置,古称融州、玉融州,治所在今融水苗族自治县。
登柳州峨山创作背景
这首诗具体的创作年代已无从考证。柳宗元怀着深深的思乡之情,登上了当时柳州近郊的峨山,希望能够看到远处的长安,排解心中的忧郁。但是目力远不能及,只知道西北方向是紧邻柳州的融州而已,反而引起了无限的惆怅,于是写下了这首表示无可奈何的诗。
参考资料:
1、谢汉强主编.柳宗元柳州诗文选读:西安地图出版社,1999.12:81
登柳州峨山鉴赏
这首诗就眼前景下笔,“秋”点节令,“午”点时间,“荒山”即峨山,荒凉萧疏,写景为抒写“意悠悠”之情作渲染。身遭贬谪,远离家乡,独上荒山,心绪万千,可见“意悠悠”涵盖着诗人当时复杂纷繁的情感。第三句虚接,转出“望乡”情,这悠悠情思中,乡情是诗人当前最重要的情愫。然而,登上峨山望乡,“西北是融州”,隔断了诗人的视线,故乡不可见。
这首诗的艺术特色“外枯而中膏,似淡而实美”,显得自然和淡,含蓄有味。诗人先写“荒山”,后写“独上”,最后以疑问作结:为什么我望乡的地方,偏偏却只见融州。下面让读者自己去回味、深思,以想象和推论作补充。这里没有秾丽鲜艳的色彩,没有絮絮滔滔的叙述,仅仅二十字,既构思完整,又感情充沛。这实在是难能可贵的。
这首诗实景虚写,表面是题写山水,实际抒发其归国无路的隐痛。作者以眼前之景,道难言之苦,构想自然,神妙无比。又蕴含离乡之情、迁谪之思,言简意赅,语近情遥,深于哀怨,真是绝妙好诗。
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刘过《
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柳宗元简介
唐代·柳宗元的简介
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柳宗元(773年-819年),字子厚,唐代河东(今山西运城)人,杰出诗人、哲学家、儒学家乃至成就卓著的政治家,唐宋八大家之一。著名作品有《永州八记》等六百多篇文章,经后人辑为三十卷,名为《柳河东集》。因为他是河东人,人称柳河东,又因终于柳州刺史任上,又称柳柳州。柳宗元与韩愈同为中唐古文运动的领导人物,并称“韩柳”。在中国文化史上,其诗、文成就均极为杰出,可谓一时难分轩轾。
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