浣溪沙·月底栖鸦当叶看
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清代]：王国维
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月底栖鸦当叶看。推窗跕跕堕枝间。霜高风定独凭栏。
觅句心肝终复在，掩书涕泪苦无端。可怜衣带为谁宽。
浣溪沙·月底栖鸦当叶看译文及注释
译文
在昏暗的月光中，那光秃秃树杈上的乌鸦就像是树叶一般。打开窗子，落叶还在不停的飘零。晚霜寒冷中独自上楼依栏远望。
想作诗吧，苦寻诗句。合上书双泪涕纵，心中没有缘故的烦闷。自己日渐消瘦，这又是为了什么？
注释
①鸦：有些版本作“雅”字。
②跕跕(dié)：下堕貌。《后汉书·马援传》：“仰视飞鸢，跕跕堕水中。“
③风定：风停止。
④觅句心肝：苦寻诗句。
⑤无端：无缘无故。
⑥可怜衣带为谁宽：引柳永《凤栖梧》词“衣带渐宽终不悔，为伊消得人憔悴”。
参考资料：
1、叶嘉莹.王国维词新释辑评[M].北京:中国书店出版社,2006:66-74
2、王传胪.王国维与人间词[J].四川:四川大学学报,2002:22(6).
浣溪沙·月底栖鸦当叶看创作背景
这首词是王国维于1905年在固原所作。当时王国维远离家人，独自一人在外地任教，借此词抒发自己内心的孤独。
参考资料：
1、叶嘉莹.王国维词新释辑评[M].北京:中国书店出版社,2006:66-74
浣溪沙·月底栖鸦当叶看鉴赏
从词开端的“月底梄鸦”四个字来看，王国维所写者为眼前实有的一种寻常之景物。可是当王国维一加上“当叶看”三个字的述语以后，却使得这一句原属于“写境”的词句，立即染上了一种近于“造境”的象喻色彩。其所以然者，盖因既说是“当叶看”，便可证明其窗前之树必已经是枯凋无叶的树。而所谓“栖鸦”，则是在凄冷之月色下的“老树错鸦”，其所呈现的本应是一幅萧瑟荒寒的景象。可是王国维却偏偏要把这原属于茺寒的“栖鸦”的景色作为绿意欣然的景色来“当叶看”。只此一句，实在就已经表现了王国维的绝望悲情之中想求得慰藉的一种挣扎和努力。王国维所用“跕跕”原出于《后汉书》之《马援传》，本来是写马援出征交趾之时，当地的气候恶劣。这一典实在用得极好，此“跕跕堕”三字，遂亦隐然有了一种隐喻环境之恶劣的暗示。接着诗人写下了第三句“霜高风定独凭阑”。“霜”而曰“高”，自可使人兴起一种天地皆在严霜笼罩之中的寒意弥天之感到至于“风”而曰“定”，则或者会有人以为不如说“风劲”之更为有力，但以为“定”字所予人的感受与联想实在极好。盖以如用“劲”字，只不过使人感到风力依然强劲，其摧伤仍未停止而已。而“定”字所予人的感受，则是在一切摧伤都已经完成之后的丝毫无挽回之余地的绝望的定命。正如李商隐在其《暮秋独游曲江》一诗中所写的“荷叶枯时秋恨成”之“恨成”。
以上前半阕的三句本是写景象为主，然而王国维却写景之中传达了这么丰富的感受和意蕴，遂使得原属于“写境”的形象同时也产生了“造境”的托喻的效果。
“觅句心肝终复在”一句，这句从表面看来也是写作词之用心良苦，与“为制新词”一句的意思似颇为相近日但却因其用字与句法的安排，而蕴含了给读者更多感发的潜力。首先“觅”字从一开始就暗示了一种探索追寻的努力则是“心肝”二字又给人一种极强烈的感受。再说其下面的“掩书涕泪苦无端”一句。后句所谓“无端”者便有迹可寻，因而其悲感遂亦有了一种原因为与限度，所以其感人之力遂亦如此。至于“苦”字加强了“无端”之感，是欲求其端而苦不能得之意，如此遂使其涕泪之感。最后一句引用柳永名句，强加于上，略显俗套，但意思更进一层。
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李煜《
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长相思·云一涡》
王国维简介
唐代·王国维的简介
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王国维（1877年—1927年），字伯隅、静安，号观堂、永观，汉族，浙江海宁盐官镇人。清末秀才。我国近现代在文学、美学、史学、哲学、古文字学、考古学等各方面成就卓著的学术巨子，国学大师。
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