梦中作
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宋代]：欧阳修
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夜凉吹笛千山月，路暗迷人百种花。
棋罢不知人换世，酒阑无奈客思家。
梦中作译文及注释
译文
夜凉如水，月笼千山，凄清的笛声飘散到远方；路旁浓密的百花，色彩灿烂迷人。
下了一局棋，竟发现世上已经换了人间，也不知过去多少年了；借酒浇愁酒已尽，更无法排遣浓浓的思乡情。
注释
千山：极言山多。唐柳宗元《江雪》诗：“千山鸟飞绝，万径人踪灭。”
“棋罢”句：暗用王质的故事。南朝梁任昉在《述异记》中说：晋时王质入山采樵，见二童子对弈，就置斧旁观。童子给王质一个像枣核似的东西，他含在嘴里，就不觉得饥饿。等一盘棋结束，童子催他回去，王质一看，自己的斧柄也已经朽烂。回家后，亲故都已去世，早已换了人间。
酒阑：谓酒筵将尽。
梦中作创作背景
此诗记述梦中所见，载于《居士集》卷十二，它前后的两首目录原注都标明为宋仁宗皇祐元年（1049年），可能为同时所作。当时作者因支持范仲淹主政的庆历新政而被贬谪到颍州。
参考资料：
1、缪钺 等．宋诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1987：138-139
梦中作鉴赏
在古典诗歌中，写梦或梦中作诗为数不少。清代赵翼在《瓯北诗话》中曾说陆游的集子里，记梦诗多至九十九首。这类作品有的是写梦，有的则是借梦来表达诗人的某种感情。此诗乃记述梦中之所见。
首句写静夜景色。从“凉”“月”等字中可知时间大约是在秋天。一轮明月把远近山头照得如同白昼，作者在夜凉如水、万籁俱寂中吹笛，周围的环境显得格外恬静。“千山月”三字，意境空阔，给人一种玲珑剔透之感。
次句刻画的却是另一种境界。“路暗”，说明时间也是在夜晚，下面又说“百种花”，则此时的节令换成了百花争妍的春天。这里又是路暗，又是花繁，把春夜的景色写得如此扑朔迷离，正合梦中作诗的情景。此二句意境朦胧，语言隽永，对下二句起了烘托作用。
第三句借一个传说故事喻世事变迁。这里运用了梁代任昉《述异记》中的典故，反映了诗人超脱人世之想。
末句写酒兴意阑，思家之念油然而生，表明诗人虽想超脱，毕竟不能忘情于人世，与苏轼《水调歌头》所说的“我欲乘风归去，又恐琼楼玉宇，高处不胜寒“，意境相似。
四句诗虽是写四个不同的意境，但合起来又是一个和谐的统一体，暗寓诗人既想超脱时空而又留恋人间的矛盾思想。
“诗言志”，全诗至结尾，寓意就逐渐明朗了。诗人的抑郁恍惚，与他当时政治上的不得志有关。作此诗时欧阳修还在颍州，尚未被朝廷重用。所以这四句是在抒发心中的感慨，它的妙处是没有把这种感慨直接说出。这种意在言外的手法，要仔细体察才能明其究竟。
此诗的另一个特点是，对仗工巧，天衣无缝，前后两联字字相对。这是受了杜甫《绝句》诗的影响。
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杜甫《
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秋雨叹三首》
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王沂孙《
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扫花游·秋声》
欧阳修简介
唐代·欧阳修的简介
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欧阳修（1007－1072），字永叔，号醉翁，晚号“六一居士”。汉族，吉州永丰（今江西省永丰县）人，因吉州原属庐陵郡，以“庐陵欧阳修”自居。谥号文忠，世称欧阳文忠公。北宋政治家、文学家、史学家，与韩愈、柳宗元、王安石、苏洵、苏轼、苏辙、曾巩合称“唐宋八大家”。后人又将其与韩愈、柳宗元和苏轼合称“千古文章四大家”。
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