古离别
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唐代]：韦庄
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古离别译文及注释
译文
春光明艳，晴空上飘浮着一层淡淡的烟云，在柳枝披拂的大道口，正举行着一场送别的酒宴。无奈分别在即，愁肠百结，这酒也喝得不畅快。离人举起华贵的马鞭指向他此行将往的远方—江南。想到此去江南，那里草长莺飞，桃红柳绿，春色更美。只是良辰美景难有人与之共享，因此江南春色愈美愈增加人的愁苦，使人痛断肚肠。
注释
毵毵（sān）：柳叶枝条下垂貌。
不那：同“不奈”，即无奈。
古离别鉴赏
写文艺作品的人，大抵都懂得一种环境衬托的手法：同样是一庭花月；在欢乐的时候，它们似乎要为人起舞；而当悲愁之际，它们又好像替人垂泪了。韦庄这首《古离别》，跳出了这种常见的比拟，用优美动人的景色来反衬离愁别绪，却获得和谐统一的效果。
晴烟漠漠，杨柳毵毵，日丽风和，一派美景。作者没有把和挚友离别时的春天故意写成一片黯淡，而是如实地写出它的浓丽，并且着意点染杨柳的风姿，从而暗暗透出了在这个时候分别的难堪之情。第二句转入“不那离情酒半酣”，一下子构成一种强烈的反跌，使满眼春光都好像黯然失色，有春色越浓所牵起的离情别绪就越强烈的感觉。“酒半酣”三字也写得好，不但带出离筵别宴的情景，让人看出在柳荫之下置酒送行的场面，并且巧妙地写出人物此时的内心感情。因为假如酒还没有喝，离别者的理智还可以把感情勉强抑制，如果喝得太多，感情又会完全控制不住；只有酒到半酣的时候，别情的无可奈何才能给人以深切的体味。“酒半酣”之于“不那”，起着深化人物感情的作用。
三、四两句再进一层。此地明媚春光，已使人如此不奈离情，那么此去江南，江南春色更浓，更要使远行人断肠了。所以临别时，送行者用马鞭向南方指点着，饶有深意地说出“断肠春色在江南”的话。
常建《送宇文六》诗说：“花映垂杨汉水清，微风林里一枝轻。即今江北还如此，愁杀江南离别情。”李嘉祐《夜宴南陵留别》诗也说：“雪满庭前月色闲，主人留客未能还。预愁明日相思处，匹马千山与万山。”结尾都是深一层的写法。前代文艺评论家称之为“厚”，也就是有深度。“厚”，就能够更加饱满地完成诗的主题。
这首诗色调鲜明，音节谐美，浅而不露，淡而有韵，予人以一种清新的美感。淡淡的晴烟，青青的杨柳，衬托着道旁的离筵别酒，仿佛一幅诗意盎然的设色山水。诗中人临别时扬鞭指点的动作，又使这幅画图显得栩栩如生。读着它，人们很容易联想起宋元画家所画的小品，风格和情致都相当接近。
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上一首：
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刘基《
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千秋岁·淡烟平楚》
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下一首：
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薛涛《
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送友人》
韦庄简介
唐代·韦庄的简介
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韦庄（约836年─910年），字端己，杜陵（今中国陕西省西安市附近）人，诗人韦应物的四代孙，唐朝花间派词人，词风清丽，有《浣花词》流传。曾任前蜀宰相，谥文靖。
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