新荷叶·薄露初零
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宋代]：李清照
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薄露初零，长宵共、永书分停。绕水楼台，高耸万丈蓬瀛。芝兰为寿，相辉映、簪笏盈庭。花柔玉净，捧觞别有娉婷。
鹤瘦松青，精神与、秋月争明。德行文章，素驰日下声名。东山高蹈，虽卿相、不足为荣。安石须起，要苏天下苍生。
新荷叶·薄露初零创作背景
该词是为友人祝寿而作。寿者未点明是谁，从词义看，可知其人应是当时名儒，而且是直至此时尚隐而不仕者。有的评论人认为是工诗善词的名士朱敦儒。据史传称他“志行高洁，虽为布衣而有朝野之望”，后屡经诏聘，方于绍兴二年出山，赐进士出身在朝廷供职，是与李清照同时代人。
参考资料：
1、侯健.新发现的李清照词（N）.北京晚报，1982年5月22日
2、陈祖美 ．李清照作品赏析集 ．成都 ：巴蜀书社 ，1992 ：252-253 ．
新荷叶·薄露初零鉴赏
此词从明抄本《诗渊》录出，原词注明作者“宋李易安”，是近年发现的，孔繁礼《全宋词补辑》收之。
这是一篇寿词，虽然也极尽褒誉，但却流露了忧国忧民之志，蕴含着一股壮气豪情。
上片交代时间地点、场面气氛，词清句丽，风格典雅。“薄露初零，长宵共永昼分停。绕水楼台，高耸万丈蓬瀛”是指：正当薄露刚开始洒落，夜晚与白昼长短完全相同的这个不同一般的时候；处身环水而起、高耸入云的楼阁亭榭之内，宛如来到了传说中的蓬莱、瀛州海上仙岛。“长宵共永昼分停”句中的“分停”，即“停分”，中分之意；一年之中只有春分、秋分这两天是昼夜所占时间相等，古人称这两天为“日夜分”。这里并未指明是春分还是秋分，从“薄露初零”看，似是仲秋之月的“秋分”，固为秋天到来，暑气渐退，昼热夜冷，容易有露水；然而再从下文馈礼中有兰花来看，或许是仲春之月的“春分”；当然如果“芝兰为寿”中的“芝兰”仅作为一种象征高雅来说，只能认为是虚写，而“薄露初零”却是实况描述，所以很可能是秋分时候。
“芝兰为寿，相辉映，簪笏盈庭”写的是友人在做寿，词人及众嘉宾来贺：大家献上了淡雅清香的兰花和益寿延年的灵芝，拜寿的人们簇拥着寿星老人一时间充塞了往日幽静的庭院，其中也不乏尚称风雅的达官贵人，他们的鲜明的服色、佩饰与名士清儒的布衣潇洒相辉映。寿筵开始了，气氛自是十分炽烈，但词作者却避开这些必然现象，笔下一滑，转向了筵席间穿梭般飞去飘来为客人倾酒捧觞的侍女们，“花柔玉净，捧觞别有娉婷”之句，是作者从活动的大场面中捕捉的一个迷人的动作：她们像花一般柔媚，像玉一样晶莹，双手捧觞穿行席间向客人劝酒，翩翩风姿令人开怀一醉，表达了主人待客之真诚。上片寥寥数语，便将良辰、美景、主贤、宾嘉之乐都烘托纸上了。
下片是对寿者的祝愿之词，尾句显示出作者爱国爱民的心愿，写得委婉、曲折、含蓄、脱俗。“鹤瘦松青，精神与秋月争明。德行文章，素驰日下声名”，先以两个比喻句起兴，再引出直面的颂扬：愿您体魄健壮如鹤之清癯矍铄，如松之耐寒长青，愿您精神光照万物与朗朗秋月竞比光明；您的品德学问历来是独领风骚、名噪京城。至此便将一位德高望重、受人景仰的典范人物的形象勾画了出来，下面“东山高蹈，虽卿相不足为荣”仍是溢美之辞，仍是使用比喻手法，但却因借用现成典故，便将内容表达更进一步、更深一层。“东山高蹈”，用的是晋代文学家、政治家谢安的故事。谢安，字安石，才学盖世，隐居东山，后应诏出仕，官至司徒。后人因以“东山”喻隐居之士；高蹈，在此也指隐居生活。该句是说：谢安隐居东山，却蜚声朝野，光耀无比，虽为王侯卿相，哪一个比得上他！以谢安隐居东山称比筵上的寿诞主人，可谓臻于至极了。尾句十分精彩，继续以谢安相比，赞誉、推崇之中加进了激励，且注入了以生民为重、迅速救民于水火之中的急切心情，真是一句千钧：“安石须起，要苏天下苍生。”安石在东山隐居不肯应诏出仕之时，时人发出了“安石不肯出，将如苍生何”的叹惋，词人就该语加以引发以激励眼前这位名士：您一定要像谢安一样快快挺身出仕，揭露奸佞误国，挽救在战乱中受尽蹂躏折磨的黎民。易安居士发自内心的呼喊，使这首以祝寿为内容的词作在主题思想上得到了升华。
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晏殊《
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燕归梁·双燕归飞绕画堂》
李清照简介
唐代·李清照的简介
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李清照（1084年3月13日～1155年5月12日）号易安居士，汉族，山东省济南章丘人。宋代（南北宋之交）女词人，婉约词派代表，有“千古第一才女”之称。所作词，前期多写其悠闲生活，后期多悲叹身世，情调感伤。形式上善用白描手法，自辟途径，语言清丽。论词强调协律，崇尚典雅，提出词“别是一家”之说，反对以作诗文之法作词。能诗，留存不多，部分篇章感时咏史，情辞慷慨，与其词风不同。有《易安居士文集》《易安词》，已散佚。后人有《漱玉词》辑本。今有《李清照集校注》。
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