梅
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唐代]：杜牧
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轻盈照溪水，掩敛下瑶台。
妒雪聊相比，欺春不逐来。
偶同佳客见，似为冻醪开。
若在秦楼畔，堪为弄玉媒。
梅译文及注释
译文
梅花轻盈妩媚的姿态映照在溪水里，就好像仙女用衣袖遮面，严肃矜持地从瑶台上下来。
梅花虽有些妒忌白雪，但在洁白无瑕上，姑且还可以让雪与自己相比；而对于艳丽的春光，却敢于超越它，绝不随顺于它之后。
梅花偶然间与诗人相见，就好像是为了诗人的饮酒赏花而开放。
若是长在秦楼边的话，简直能作弄玉的媒人了。
注释
掩敛：用衣袖遮面，严肃矜持而有礼貌的样子。瑶台：美玉砌成的楼台，神话中神仙所居之地。
妒：嫉妒。聊：姑且。
欺：超越。逐：随着。
佳客：指诗人。
冻醪：冬天酿造，春天饮用的酒。
“若在”二句：秦楼、弄玉：《列仙传》记：“萧史者，秦穆公时人，吹箫作鸾凤之响，穆公文弄玉妻焉。日与楼上吹箫作风鸣，凤来止其屋，为作凤台。”堪：能。
参考资料：
1、胡可先．杜牧诗选：中华书局，2005：211
2、吉林大学中文系．唐诗鉴赏大典（十一）：吉林大学出版社，2009：56-57
梅创作背景
唐武宗会昌二年（842），作者四十岁时，受当时宰相李德裕的排挤，被外放为黄州刺史，其后又转池州、睦州等地。这首诗约作于这个时期。
参考资料：
1、吉林大学中文系．唐诗鉴赏大典（十一）：吉林大学出版社，2009：56-57
梅鉴赏
“轻盈照溪水，掩敛下瑶台”。这两句主要描写梅花的姿态优美。轻盈的梅花，映照着如碧的溪水，实景与倒影浑然一体，构成一幅绝美的图画。为了进一步突出梅花的轻盈之美，作者又采用拟人的手法，把梅花比成一群从瑶台翩然而降的仙女，舞姿曼妙，如惊鸿游龙，令人魄荡魂驰。“始雪聊相比，欺春不逐来。”由于梅花太美了，所以雪花嫉妒，但却又不能同它相比；春天被欺，也不敢再迈动轻快的脚步。这两句从侧面烘托了梅花的美丽动人。“偶同佳客见，似为冻醪开”。当作者偶然同客人一起去观赏梅花时，他发现如斯艳丽的梅花仿佛是为了冬酿的酒而开，因为赏梅花，饮美酒乃人生之一大快事，故有“似为冻醪开”的遐想。
最后两句“若在秦楼畔，堪为弄玉媒”，假设梅花长在秦楼的旁边，它完全可以以自己的美做弄玉的大媒人，而不会为他人所见笑的。这两句进一步突出梅花的美。
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鱼玄机《
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赋得江边柳》
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道源《
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早梅》
杜牧简介
唐代·杜牧的简介
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杜牧（公元803－约852年），字牧之，号樊川居士，汉族，京兆万年（今陕西西安）人，唐代诗人。杜牧人称“小杜”，以别于杜甫。与李商隐并称“小李杜”。因晚年居长安南樊川别墅，故后世称“杜樊川”，著有《樊川文集》。
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