绝句送巨山
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宋代]：刘子翚
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二年寄迹闽山寺，一笑翻然向浙江。
明月不知君已去，夜深还照读书窗。
绝句送巨山译文及注释
译文
两年来，您托身借居在这福建山中的庙里，如今忽然转念，要离开这儿，前往浙江。
明月不知您已经离去，深夜还是悄悄地照进您书房的小窗。
注释
巨山：诗人的朋友张嵲，襄阳人。
寄迹：寄托踪迹，即暂时居住。
翻然：高飞远飏。此指旅行、迁移。
绝句送巨山创作背景
张嵲于绍兴八年（1138年）任福建路转运判官，九年召赴临安（今浙江杭州），除司勋员外郎，兼实录院检讨官。刘子翚便创作此诗送别好友。
参考资料：
1、张鸣 ．宋诗选 ：人民文学出版社 ，2004 ：373-374 ．
绝句送巨山鉴赏
作者面对对朋友的离去，流露出浓重的悲伤。前两句直写，说张巨山在福建住了两年，如今要离开福建，前往浙江。“二年寄迹闽山寺”，表面全写张巨山，实际上带出自己与张巨山在这两年中过往密切，引出对分别的依依不舍。次句写张巨山离开，用了“一笑翻然”四字，看上去很洒脱，其实是故作达语。张巨山离开福建去浙江，既非回乡，又不是仕宦升迁，此次离别，肯定愁多欢少，因此诗人写他洒脱，正带有不得已处，加强自己对离别的不快。
三、四句转换角度，以虚拟笔法，想像张巨山走后，人去楼空的情景，寄托自己对他的深情与怀念。书房依旧，但是人走了，如果是直写，便索然无味。历来诗人都喜欢通过明月来寄寓自己的情思，如李白“只今唯有西江月，曾照吴王宫里人”（《苏台览古》）、“我寄愁心与明月，随风直到夜郎西”（《闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄》），刘禹锡“淮水东边旧时月，夜深还过女墙来”（《石头城》），都是如此。刘子翚这首诗也借明月来说，强调明月仍然照进书窗，增加冷漠的气氛，同时通过无情的明月表现多情的举止，衬出人的多情，等于说自己日后见到空空的书房，将更加为眼前的别离而惆怅。这样一转折，加深了诗的底蕴，把情感也表现得更为丰富。
自然界的风物，谁都知道是无情的，但由于诗人的观感心情不同，便有意对它们进行人格化，刘子翚这首诗就是如此，把明月拟人化，说它不知人已去，仍然多情地照着读书窗。这样的构思，在古代被普遍运用。著名的如唐崔护《题都城南庄》：“去年今日此门中，人面桃花相映红。人面只今何处去，桃花依旧笑春风。”以桃花依旧，表现人事变化所产生的伤感。又如岑参《山房春事》云：“梁园日暮乱飞鸦，极目萧条三两家。庭树不知人去尽，春来还发旧时花。”把庭树拟人化，说它没体察到人已离去。其他如张泌《寄人》“多情只有春庭月，犹为离人照落花”，杜牧《赠别》“蜡烛有心还惜别，替人垂泪到天明”，都是如此，刘子翚这首诗，正是继承了这一传统的表现手法。
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刘子翚简介
唐代·刘子翚的简介
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刘子翚（huī）（1101～1147）宋代理学家。字彦冲，一作彦仲，号屏山，又号病翁，学者称屏山先生。建州崇安（今属福建）人，刘韐子，刘子羽弟。以荫补承务郎，通判兴化军，因疾辞归武夷山，专事讲学，邃于《周易》，朱熹尝从其学。著有《屏山集》。
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