代春怨
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唐代]：刘方平
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朝日残莺伴妾啼，开帘只见草萋萋。
代春怨译文及注释
译文
时至暮春，独守空闺，莺啼声稀稀落落，应和着我的阵阵低泣。扯起珠帘，扑面央入满眼芳草。
一阵东风从小院里吹过；千万条柳枝便如同千万缕离情，一条一缕都向西指；那迢迢的西陲啊，正是爱人守戍的地方。
注释
代：犹拟，说作者完全以一个闺妇身份来写这首诗。
残莺：春暮时之莺。春暮则莺稀，故称残莺。
萋萋：形容草生长得茂盛。暗用《楚辞·招隐士》春草、王孙意。意诣征人未归。
尽向西：唐时征战多在西陲。
代春怨创作背景
此诗是作者隐居时所作。由于隐士生活单调，取材范围狭窄，女性题材给了他探索另一个心灵世界，在故事化的虚构中施展才华的机会，所以他写下这首诗来表达久处深阁的妇女对丈夫的思念。
参考资料：
1、蒋寅著．大历诗人研究（上）：中华书局，1995.08,：309
代春怨鉴赏
这是一首代言体的诗，要“言”的是“春怨”。诗中无一“春”字，但从写景可见；至于“怨”字，则只能从字里行间细加品味，仔细琢磨了。
“朝日残莺伴妾啼，开帘只见草萋萋。”“朝日”，犹日日，时俗口语；春暮莺稀，故谓“残莺”。“朝日”、“残莺”不仅点出暮春之晨的季节，时间，也使人们的想象自然从今晨的镜头回溯昨夜以至整个春天。阳光八室，晓莺啼愁，又一个恼人的春夜度过了。“残"字流露出她的迟暮之忧，“伴”字更传达出她的孤凄之感。时至暮春，独守空闺，自然怨忧满怀，偏偏几只残莺似乎也察知闺中思妇的孤寂，天天来陪伴着她叫个不停，更令人愁肠百结。愁之无奈，只好拉开窗帘，目之所见，芳草萋萋，碧色天涯。这无边的春色，既能勾起往日“草色青青送马蹄”的回忆，也可以引起草绿有期，GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>征人难待的悲恨。眼前所见，心中所思，景、事相连，更惹动无限伤怀。她只得再次将视线移开。
“庭前时有东风入，杨柳千条尽向西”。这两句别具匠心。“时有东风入”为“千条尽向西”之因，在东风的吹拂下，杨柳千条向西摇摆，既写出了眼前景又传递出心中情。因为唐时征戍多在西陲，GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>征人所在，妾之所向，“杨柳千条尽向西”，正形象概括了那离魂倩女，玉立亭亭，忧思万缕，终日西望的情景。如此终篇，收到了情深意挚，含而不露，扣人心弦，余味不尽的艺术效果。
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谢逸《
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菩萨蛮·暄风迟日春光闹》
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白居易《
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长安春》
刘方平简介
唐代·刘方平的简介
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刘方平(758年前后在世)，唐朝河南洛阳人。匈奴族。天宝前期曾应进士试，又欲从军 ，均未如意，从此隐居颍水、汝河之滨，终生未仕。与皇甫冉、元德秀、李颀、严武为诗友，为薪颖士赏识。工诗，善画山水。其诗多咏物写景之作，尤擅绝句，其诗多写闺情、乡思，思想内容较贫弱，但艺术性较高，善于寓情于景，意蕴无穷。其《月夜》 、《春怨》、《新春》、《秋夜泛舟》等都是历来为人传诵的名作。
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