蝶恋花·尝爱西湖春色早
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宋代]：欧阳修
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尝爱西湖春色早。腊雪方销，已见桃开小。顷刻光阴都过了，如今绿暗红英少。
且趁余花谋一笑。况有笙歌，艳态相萦绕。老去风情应不到，凭君剩把芳尊倒。
蝶恋花·尝爱西湖春色早译文及注释
译文
我曾爱西湖的春天来得早。冬雪才消，小小的桃花枝头笑。转瞬春光过去了，如今是绿叶成荫红花少。
剩下的花儿还妖娆，抓住时机看个饱。何况有美女笙歌供一笑。只可惜老来的风情不及从前好，听你开怀畅饮人醉倒。
注释
蝶恋花：唐教坊曲名。本名《鹊踏枝》。晏殊词改今名。调名取梁简文帝萧纲诗句“翻阶蛱蝶恋花情”中的三字。双调，六十字，十句，上下片各五句四仄韵。
尝爱：曾经爱。尝：曾经。西湖：此指颍州（今安徽阜阳）西湖。
腊雪：冬雪。方销：刚刚融化尽。
绿暗红英少：谓红花大多已经凋败，所剩无几，满眼所见都是绿叶。红英：红花。
谋：图谋，营求。
艳态：美艳的姿态，指酒席上的歌妓。
风情：风月之情。此处是作者自称年已老去，没有了少年时的风月情怀。
剩把芳尊倒：只管将酒杯斟满。剩把：只管把。芳樽：精致的酒器。亦借指美酒。
参考资料：
1、李之亮．欧阳修词选 ：中州古籍出版社，2015：74
蝶恋花·尝爱西湖春色早创作背景
这首词作于熙宁五年（公元1072年）的春天（一说熙宁四年），此时作者已经退居颍州。之前曾多次赏游西湖。他第二次游赏西湖春景是在第二年晚春。词中“顷刻光阴都过了，如今绿暗红英少”云云，指的就是第二次，时年四十四岁。
参考资料：
1、刘扬忠．欧阳修集：凤凰出版社，2014：124
蝶恋花·尝爱西湖春色早鉴赏
上片写作者第一次于早春时节赏游西湖的情景。西湖之春来得早，去得快，蕴含时光易逝的遗憾。“尝爱西湖春色早”直抒胸臆，以西湖早春与暮春相对比，表明对西湖早春的喜爱之情。早春虽是“腊雪方销”，乍暖还寒，但“已见桃开小”，预示好景在前，风光无限。而暮春却是“顷刻光阴都过了”。“倾刻”句表明在作者的感受中，美丽的春天一下子就过完了，很快就看到那绿叶苍翠成荫、红花稀少凋零的暮春了。这种感受中作者伤感的不仅仅是春天过快地逝去，他伤感的是韶华和生命如这春光一样无情而逝，充满了悲怆的味道。只余“绿暗红英少”，没有什么可期待的了。这同下片“老去”构成对应，使人明白他为什么喜爱早春了。上片作者描绘了一幅早春图：冬天的雪刚刚消融，桃花就蓓蕾初绽，显得特别美丽可爱。西湖的春天可谓既来得早又很美丽。不过，在此时的作者眼中，美丽的西湖春景稍纵即逝。
下片以阔达的胸怀宽慰自己，抒发作者趁有余年以及时行乐的心态。“且趁余花谋一笑”的“余花”，表面是指“红英少”，但实际是指作者余年。虽有“笙歌”、“艳态”“萦绕”周围，但已无“风情”可言，只能任人斟酒，以谋一醉。即使光阴易逝，也要把握现在的美好，快乐地生活，所以趁着西湖还有几朵余花，赶紧欣赏。何况此时身边还有佳人在吹笙歌唱助兴呢。这是作者自我宽解之辞，词情转为旷达。然人老了，无论怎么样尽情畅饮，但毕竟不如少年风情，不可能再有少年时的浪漫豪放情怀。“老去”句，词情又一转，旷达中又有几分无奈。
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晏殊《
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踏莎行·细草愁烟》
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欧阳修《
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蝶恋花·尝爱西湖春色早》
欧阳修简介
唐代·欧阳修的简介
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欧阳修（1007－1072），字永叔，号醉翁，晚号“六一居士”。汉族，吉州永丰（今江西省永丰县）人，因吉州原属庐陵郡，以“庐陵欧阳修”自居。谥号文忠，世称欧阳文忠公。北宋政治家、文学家、史学家，与韩愈、柳宗元、王安石、苏洵、苏轼、苏辙、曾巩合称“唐宋八大家”。后人又将其与韩愈、柳宗元和苏轼合称“千古文章四大家”。
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