踏莎行·初春
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清代]：徐灿
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芳草才芽，梨花未雨，春魂已作天涯絮。晶帘宛转为谁垂，金衣飞上樱桃树。
故国茫茫，扁舟何许，夕阳一片江流去。碧云犹叠旧河山，月痕休到深深处。
踏莎行·初春鉴赏
“芳草才芽，梨花未雨”，八字写初春景象，神貌毕至。这是春愁还远未滋生的时节：“天街小雨润如酥，草色遥看近却无”，“等闲识得东风面，万紫千红总是春”，骚人墨客准备好了无数瑰丽的辞藻来讴歌美丽的春日，可徐灿笔下却是一片萧瑟伤情。“春魂已作天涯絮”，“春魂”写其悲凉，“天涯絮”则隐隐逗出“山河破碎风飘絮”之感，其实乃是心造的幻境。惟有此幻境，“晶帘宛转为谁垂”之疑惑、“金衣（即黄莺——作者按）飞上樱桃树”之跌宕就别有意味，预示着在词人的心中，这是一个不平凡的初春。
故国沦亡，身世浮沉，作者和她的丈夫应该选择“永忆江湖归白发，欲回天地入扁舟”（李商隐《安定城楼》）之路，可是那一叶扁舟又在哪里。赵宋遗民张炎曾写道“空怀感，有斜阳处，却怕登楼”（《甘州》）的凄恻词句，而徐灿面对的仍然是那一轮夕阳，天上碧云，层层叠叠，依稀做出旧日山河的模样，那无情的月亮不要照到山河深处，免得清晰的呈现出残山剩水，令人痛伤！这就是徐灿笔下的初春。
词的上片景中寓情，下片情中带景，章法井然，笔致蕴藉，传达出沉郁悲凉的时代感觉，因而获得高度评价。如谭献《箧中词》云：“兴亡之感，相国愧之”，带入陈之遴，所评极精审；又如陈廷焯《白雨斋词话》赞其末二句云：“既超逸，又和雅，笔意在五代北宋之间”，亦得个中三昧。
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李贺《
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感春》
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贾至《
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春思二首·其一》
徐灿简介
唐代·徐灿的简介
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徐灿（约1618－1698），字湘苹，又字明深、明霞，号深明，又号紫言（竹字头）。江南吴县（今苏州市西南）人。明末清初女词人、诗人、书画家，为“蕉园五子”之一。光禄丞徐子懋女，弘文院大学士海宁陈之遴继妻。从夫宦游，封一品夫人。工诗，尤长于词学。她的词多抒发故国之思、兴亡之感。又善属文、精书画、所画仕女设色淡雅、笔法古秀、工净有度、得北宋人法，晚年画水墨观音、间作花草。著有《拙政园诗馀》三卷，诗集《拙政园诗集》二卷，凡诗二百四十六首，今皆存。
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