叹花
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唐代]：杜牧
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自是寻春去校迟，不须惆怅怨芳时。
狂风落尽深红色，绿叶成阴子满枝。
叹花译文及注释
译文
自己寻访春色去的太晚，以至于春尽花谢，不必埋怨花开得太早。
自然界的风雨变迁使得鲜花凋谢，春天已然过去，绿叶繁茂，果实累累，已经快到收获的季节了。
注释
自是：都怪自己
校：即“较”，比较
狂风：指代无情的岁月，人事的变迁
深红色：借指鲜花
子满枝：双关语。即使是说花落结子，也暗指当年的妙龄少女如今已结婚生子。
叹花鉴赏
关于此诗，有一个传说故事：杜牧游湖州，识一民间女子，年十余岁。杜牧与其母相约过十年来娶，后十四年，杜牧始出为湖州刺史，女子已嫁人三年，生二子。杜牧感叹其事，故作此诗。这个传说不一定可靠，但此诗以叹花来寄托男女之情，是大致可以肯定的。它表现的是诗人在浪漫生活不如意时的一种惆怅懊丧之情。
全诗围绕“叹”字着笔。前两句是自叹自解，抒写自己寻春赏花去迟了，以至于春尽花谢，错失了美好的时机。首句的“春”犹下句的“芳”，指花。而开头一个“自”字富有感情色彩，把诗人那种自怨自艾，懊悔莫及的心情充分表达出来了。第二句写自解，表示对春暮花谢不用惆怅，也不必怨嗟。诗人明明在惆怅怨嗟，却偏说“不须惆怅”，明明是痛惜懊丧已极，却偏要自宽自慰，这在写法上是腾挪跌宕，在语意上是翻进一层，越发显出诗人惆怅失意之深，同时也流露出一种无可奈何、懊恼至极的情绪。
后两句写自然界的风风雨雨使鲜花凋零，红芳褪尽，绿叶成阴，结子满枝，果实累累，春天已经过去了。似乎只是纯客观地写花树的自然变化，其实蕴含着诗人深深惋惜的感情。
此诗主要用“比”的手法。通篇叙事赋物，即以比情抒怀，用自然界的花开花谢，绿树成阴子满枝，暗喻少女的妙龄已过，结婚生子。但这种比喻不是直露、生硬的，而是若即若离，婉曲含蓄的，即使不知道与此诗有关的故事，只把它当作别无寄托的咏物诗，也是出色的。隐喻手法的成功运用，又使此诗显得构思新颖巧妙，语意深曲蕴藉，耐人寻味。
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杜甫《
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曲江对雨》
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卢僎《
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岁晚还京台望城阙成口号先赠交亲》
杜牧简介
唐代·杜牧的简介
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杜牧（公元803－约852年），字牧之，号樊川居士，汉族，京兆万年（今陕西西安）人，唐代诗人。杜牧人称“小杜”，以别于杜甫。与李商隐并称“小李杜”。因晚年居长安南樊川别墅，故后世称“杜樊川”，著有《樊川文集》。
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