樱桃花下
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唐代]：李商隐
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流莺舞蝶两相欺，不取花芳正结时。
他日未开今日谢，嘉辰长短是参差。
樱桃花下译文及注释
译文
飞动着的黄莺和蝴蝶常常嘲笑我，因为不能在樱桃花初放时来欣赏。
前来赏花不是未开就是已落，总之就是赶不上樱桃花开的良辰吉日。
注释
流莺：飞动的黄莺。相欺：相嘲笑。
花芳正结：指含苞初放。
他日：以前的日子。
嘉辰：美好的辰光。长短：此处有“总之”、“反正”之意。
樱桃花下创作背景
这首诗具体创作年代已不详。当时政治气压低沉，党局参差，朝云暮雨，翻复无定，诗人似已预感到自己前途的险恶，充满惊涛骇浪，于个人而言，李商隐自视颇高，而一生困顿失意，便常有不逢时的感叹，故经常以沉重的笔触写出潜藏内心的哀愁和隐忧，《樱桃花下》一诗即是这类作品的代表。或以为这是一首单纯的爱情诗。
参考资料：
1、杨春俏．中晚唐抒情诗选：南海出版公司，2005：282-283
2、杨柳．李商隐评传：江苏人民出版社，1981：163
3、钟来茵．李商隐爱情诗解：学林出版社，1997：350
樱桃花下鉴赏
赏花而花已开，诗人常有不逢时之叹，但此诗却加了一个“他日未开”；不管是未开或已谢，总会令人有些感慨。作者从“他日未开今日谢”，引申出“嘉辰长短是参差”的结论，自然能引发读者的共鸣。在我们的日常生活中，类此的“参差”之事，实在很多，却也是无可奈何，只有自怨自叹而已。
清代诗人袁枚有一首七绝：“桃花零落杳难寻，人为来迟惜不禁。我道此来迟更好，想花心比见花深。”（《湖上杂诗》）天下事，如能以此种心态处理，也许可以免却许多烦恼。但并非每一个人都能达到这种境界。一个人，在人生历程中，常会遇到此种参差之事，经历得多了，心理状态或有失平衡，于是乎，李商隐一来到樱桃树下，看到并非花芳正结之时，便陡然感到流莺舞蝶都在相欺了，这种心态，倒也是常有的。
李商隐好几首樱桃诗中的樱桃，是诗人嘲讽、讥诮的对象，这首诗中的樱桃，是诗人同情、叹惜的对象。纪昀把李商隐笔下的樱桃当成一个人，认为“集中屡咏樱桃，必有所为，亦可以意为之”。这样的理解，抹煞了这些樱桃诗在意象上的差异，混淆了其主旨。张采田不同意纪昀的意见：“纪氏能以意会，则于玉溪自不至于妄加攻击，但恐未然耳。托意遇合之作，所谓恨遭逢之迟暮也。必非艳情，与《嘲樱桃》诗不同，其座主李回贬湖时之深慨乎？”（《玉溪生年谱会笺》）
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刘禹锡《
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浪淘沙·其九》
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郦炎《
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见志诗二首》
李商隐简介
唐代·李商隐的简介
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李商隐，字义山，号玉溪（谿）生、樊南生，唐代著名诗人，祖籍河内（今河南省焦作市）沁阳，出生于郑州荥阳。他擅长诗歌写作，骈文文学价值也很高，是晚唐最出色的诗人之一，和杜牧合称“小李杜”，与温庭筠合称为“温李”，因诗文与同时期的段成式、温庭筠风格相近，且三人都在家族里排行第十六，故并称为“三十六体”。其诗构思新奇，风格秾丽，尤其是一些爱情诗和无题诗写得缠绵悱恻，优美动人，广为传诵。但部分诗歌过于隐晦迷离，难于索解，至有“诗家总爱西昆好，独恨无人作郑笺”之说。因处于牛李党争的夹缝之中，一生很不得志。死后葬于家乡沁阳（今河南焦作市沁阳与博爱县交界之处）。作品收录为《李义山诗集》。
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