最高楼·吾衰矣
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宋代]：辛弃疾
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吾拟乞归，犬子以田产未置止我，赋此骂之。
吾衰矣，须富贵何时？富贵是危机。暂忘设醴抽身去，未曾得米弃官归。穆先生，陶县令，是吾师。
待葺个园儿名“佚老”，更作个亭儿名“亦好”，闲饮酒，醉吟诗。千年田换八百主，一人口插几张匙？便休休，更说甚，是和非！
最高楼·吾衰矣译文及注释
译文
我请求辞官归隐，但儿子以田产还没置办为由不让辞官，于是写了这首词骂儿子。我已渐渐年老，力尽筋疲，功名富贵的实现要待到何时？何况富贵功名还处处隐伏着危机。穆生因楚王稍懈礼仪便抽身辞去，陶潜尚未得享俸禄就弃官而归。穆先生、陶县令那样明达的人都是我十分崇敬的老师。
归隐后一定要将荒园修葺，“佚老园”就是个合适的名字。再建个亭儿取名为“亦好”，便能闲时饮酒，醉时吟诗。一块田地千年之中要换八百主人，一人嘴里又能插上几张饭匙。退隐之后便一切作罢，何须再费口舌说什么是非得失。
注释
最高楼：词牌名。
乞（qǐ）归：请求退休归田。
犬子：对自己儿子的谦称。
田产未置：还没有置备好田地产业。
止：劝阻。
衰（shuāi）：年老。
须：等待。
富贵：有功业。
醴（lǐ）：甜酒。
抽身：退出仕途。
得米弃官归：陶渊明当彭泽县令时，曾有上司派督邮来县，吏请以官带拜见。渊明叹曰：“我不能为五斗米折腰向乡里小人。”于是解印去职，并赋《归去来兮辞》，以明弃官归隐之志。
葺（qì）：修缮。
佚（yì）老：安乐闲适地度过晚年。
亦（yì）好：退隐归耕，虽贫亦好。
匙（chí）：小勺。
休休：罢了，此处含退隐之意。
甚（shèn）：什么。
参考资料：
1、章培恒，安平秋，马樟根．《古代文史名著选译丛书 辛弃疾词选译》：凤凰出版社，2011.05：第201页
2、岳文强，张善明主编．《官德古诗词选析》：蓝天出版社，2002.05：第162页
最高楼·吾衰矣创作背景
绍熙五年（1194年），词人任福建安抚使，因其壮志难酬，打算辞官归隐，却遭到儿子的阻挠，因此词人写下这首词来训斥儿子。
参考资料：
1、郑小军．《众里寻他千百度·辛弃疾词》：人民文学出版社，2012.01：第139页
最高楼·吾衰矣鉴赏
“吾衰矣，须富贵何时？富贵是危机”三句直接驳斥儿子用以阻止词人引退的理由，有针锋相对之势。词人的儿子认为词人此时的官位还不够，积蓄的俸禄还不足以购买丰厚的田产，言下之意希望父亲能继续升官，而词人劈头便说：“吾衰矣。”儿子以富贵为念，词人便以富贵的时机、富贵的忧患来回应。“暂忘设醴抽身去，未曾得米弃官归。穆先生，陶县令，是吾师”五句全是用典，故事的主人公有两个，穆生和陶渊明。西汉楚元王刘交以穆生、白生、申公三位贤士为中大夫、礼贤下士，席上专为不喜饮酒的穆生设醴，其孙刘戊继任为王后忘了设醴。穆生看出楚元王怠慢背后潜伏的危机，毅然辞官。陶渊明曾当任彭泽县令，因为不愿意以五斗米的官俸而低头向乡里的小人，便辞官而去，在农村种地，不求闻达。词人直言要以穆生和陶渊明为师，有及时归隐、远离官场的意思，与儿子希望自己继续留在官场，等待词人以后富贵的想法背道而驰。
“待葺个园儿名‘佚老’，更作个亭儿名‘亦好’”两句都在第三字后断开，造成了节奏和语意上的奇峭。作者不仅想到了归隐，而且连归后闲居处的亭、园的名字都想好了。“闲饮酒，醉吟诗”两句概括了理想的生活状态，“千年田换八百主，一人口插几张匙”两句引用禅语和谚语，说明人生苦短，眼前占有的身外之物都不能长久，不如看淡。“便休休，更说甚，是和非”三句不仅否认了富贵，而且否认了满足与不满足。
上片说做官的道路危机四伏，要以穆先生、陶县令这些以前的贤人为师，早点隐退，不要期待功名富贵，言外之意包含对朝廷不能用抗战志士的不满。下片想象归隐田园、饮酒吟诗的乐趣。整首词的语言看似平实通俗，实际上却贯穿各种典故和对前人作品句子的化用。通过给儿子讲述道理，把辛弃疾正直不阿、洁身自好的形象体现出来。
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辛弃疾《
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最高楼·吾衰矣》
辛弃疾简介
唐代·辛弃疾的简介
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辛弃疾（1140－1207），南宋词人。原字坦夫，改字幼安，别号稼轩，汉族，历城（今山东济南）人。出生时，中原已为金兵所占。21岁参加抗金义军，不久归南宋。历任湖北、江西、湖南、福建、浙东安抚使等职。一生力主抗金。曾上《美芹十论》与《九议》，条陈战守之策。其词抒写力图恢复国家统一的爱国热情，倾诉壮志难酬的悲愤，对当时执政者的屈辱求和颇多谴责；也有不少吟咏祖国河山的作品。题材广阔又善化用前人典故入词，风格沉雄豪迈又不乏细腻柔媚之处。由于辛弃疾的抗金主张与当政的主和派政见不合，后被弹劾落职，退隐江西带湖。
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