减字木兰花·新月
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清代]：纳兰性德
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晚妆欲罢，更把纤眉临镜画。准待分明，和雨和烟两不胜。
莫教星替，守取团圆终必遂。此夜红楼，天上人间一样愁。
减字木兰花·新月译文及注释
译文
晚妆梳罢，又手执画笔。镜中，你的纤纤柳眉，是否正如窗外的一弯新月。回首天边，烟雨正朦胧，让人看不分明的，是藏在烟雨后的一弯新月。
这样的夜空，不需要有星星，和我一起守着永恒誓言的。是你，是在星海飘摇的一弯新月。寂静的夜，寂寞的小楼。茫茫人间，你我同样的哀愁。想必也如天边的那弯新月。
注释
晚妆：女子梳理晚妆。
纤眉：纤细的柳眉。
准待：准备等待。
分明：清楚。
不胜：不甚分明。
守取团圆：本指等到月圆时，这里双关，另一层意思是与意中人团圆。
参考资料：
1、张秉戍．《纳兰性德词新释辑评》．北京：中国书店，2001：404
减字木兰花·新月创作背景
这首词是纳兰为亡妻卢氏所作。词中“莫教星替”之语出自李商隐的《李夫人》，李商隐借吟咏他人之事，抒发自己的忠贞志意。“月没”是指他的妻子王氏已死，而自己不愿以星代月，无心续弦。纳兰引出此语，同是表达妻子已死，自己心中的爱情也随之离开。虽然天人永诀，仍然寄希望于和妻子片刻的团圆。
参考资料：
1、张秉戍．《纳兰性德词新释辑评》．北京：中国书店，2001：404
减字木兰花·新月鉴赏
上片正面描写，通过比喻拟人表现新月。看那天边初生的新月，像一位美貌绝伦女子，正临镜梳妆时用那画笔画出的一条弯弯的眉毛。要等到夜色中的烟雾消散后，天空澄澈，那时才能看见这一轮新月的美丽——然而细雨烟中，不甚了然，满目还是一片迷蒙。上片虽主要写的是新月，却还应注意到一点，也就是情感上的表现。本来花了很长时间、很多心思，好好化了一番晚妆，要等有人来欣赏自己，然而“准待分明”时，却发现“和雨和烟两不胜”，竟然不能看清这美貌，如何不让人悲伤。这里将新月拟人化了，比成一位女子，弯弯的眉毛高高翘起，好像女子皱眉不高兴似的。但实际的情感从下片可知并不单单是新月的悲伤，而是“此夜红楼，天上人间一样愁”。
下片从侧面描写新月，并且把情感也从新月落到人身上了。不要让星星替代了新月，让它们成为这漫漫黑夜的主角，须慢慢坚持，总会有变成玉盘圆月的那一夜。
上片写景，下片抒情，上片写月，下片写人，最后一句“天上人间一样愁”将上下两片、天上人间联系起来，情景交融。
这首词中“红楼”可以有多种解释。一种是红色的楼房，如史达祖《双双燕》中：“红楼归晚，看足柳昏花暝”，洪升《长生殿·偷曲》：“人散曲终红楼静，半墙残月摇花影”。两句中的“红楼”都是指这个意思。第二种解释是富贵人家中，女子居住的闺房称为“红楼”，如白居易《秦中吟》：“红楼富家女，金缕绣罗襦”，王庭珪《点绛唇》词：“花外红楼，当时青鬓颜如玉”。第三种解释是旧事妓女居住的地方，周友良《珠江梅柳记》卷二载：“二卿有此才貌，误落风尘，翠馆红楼，终非结局，竹篱茅舍，及早抽身。”当然还有《红楼梦》之所谓“红楼”，大概是由于曹雪芹于悼红轩中披阅十载、增删五次的缘故，这“红楼”应是第一种意思。
至于此首词中“红楼”的意思，向来应该是第二种，富贵家庭中女子的闺房，因为这符合词人的总体风格以及社会环境。事实上，明清以来，文人的诗词中妓女的成分已经远少于唐宋，原因就在于唐宋妓女一般是艺伎，她们多具有一定的艺术修养，或更歌善舞，或长于填词写诗歌，所以那时文人多喜欢来往其间；然而明清以来，妓院就成为真正的烟柳之地，文化氛围也消失殆尽，艺伎就不是主流，文人也不齿于此了。所以从这两方面看，纳兰性德这里的红楼应该是第二种意思，或者是第一种。
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白居易《
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梦微之》
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刘克庄《
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风入松·归鞍尚欲小徘徊》
纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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