水仙子·怀古
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元代]：张可久
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秋风远塞皂雕旗，明月高台金凤杯。红妆肯为苍生计，女妖娆能有几？两蛾眉千古光辉：汉和番昭君去，越吞吴西子归。战马空肥。
水仙子·怀古译文及注释
译文
在萧瑟秋风中王昭君跟着打皂雕旗的人到塞外去；明月高照时西施常常在姑苏台上端起金凤杯侍候吴王。一个女子能为人民的利益着想，这样的美女古往今来能有几人？两个美女的事迹千百年来都闪耀着光辉：汉元帝与匈奴和亲时昭君出塞，越国攻灭吴国以后西施才回越国来。养肥了的战马也就无用了。
注释
注释：该散曲的曲牌名为水仙子，宫调为双调，亦入中吕、南吕。
皂雕旗：绘有黑色大雕的旗，这是古代匈奴人用的一种旗帜。秋风远塞皂雕旗：这句指昭君出塞和亲。
高台：这里指姑苏台，在今江苏吴县西南姑苏山上。金凤杯：雕刻有凤凰的金酒杯。明月高台金凤杯：该句指夫差很宠爱西施，时常和她在姑苏台上喝酒。
红妆：妇女的盛妆，借指美女。下面的“女妖娆”、“蛾眉”也指美女。苍生：百姓。
番：旧时对西北各族的称呼，这里指匈奴。和番：与匈奴人和亲。
越吞吴西子归：春秋时越王勾践被吴王夫差打败，献美女西施求和，后来吴终于被越所灭，西施也回到吴国。这句指此事。
空：白白地。战马空肥：是说统治者依靠美色而卫国，战马得以闲置而肥。
参考资料：
1、冯树纯．元明清词曲百首[M]．新蕾出版社，1986年07月，第99－101页
2、王季思 洪柏昭等．中国古典文学普及读物 元散曲选注[M]．北京出版社，1981年06月，第226页
水仙子·怀古创作背景
南宋朝廷在大片国土被金国侵占后，不仅不奋发抗战，收复失地，反而偏安一隅；作者一生沉抑下僚，以山水之乐声色之娱排遣困顿愤慨之心情，他以怀古的方式表达自己怀才不遇的愤慨，借这首小令中对昭君、西施两位美人的怀念，谴责南宋王朝的偏安亡国。
参考资料：
1、傅德岷主编．中国华诗词鉴赏辞典[M]．湖北辞书出版社，2005年01月，第179－180页
2、刘维俊著．唐诗宋词元曲名篇赏析[M]．凌天出版社，2005.10，第173－174页
3、钱仲联主编．爱情词与散曲鉴赏辞典[M]．湖南教育出版社，1992.09，第1326页
4、耿兆林等编著．元散曲浅析[M]．首都师范大学出版社，1995，第224－226页
水仙子·怀古鉴赏
该首怀古曲高度赞美王昭君和西施。虽然她们都是被统治阶级所利用的人物，但在客观上却对民族的和好和祖国的安全作出了极大的贡献。“肯为苍生计”、“千古光辉”，是极有见地的评价。结尾说“战马空肥”又深刻讽刺了封建统治者的昏庸无能。
小令开首两句，以十分简洁、形象的语言点出了环境和事件。写塞外旅骑，壮豪中颇多凄凉意味；写灵岩歌舞，清冷间不乏妩媚之处。细细品味，使人如身临其境，如闻其声，如见其人，读者的视听感官似乎全被调动起来，深深为句中的意象所感动。第二层中间五句，前两句问肯为苍生着想，以救天下为己任的“红妆”、“妖娆”能有几人，后三句答引出昭君和番、西施入吴的故事。昭君和西施的事迹妇孺皆知，将两人事迹同时容纳在舞狮子的短短作品中，可见诗人构思文气之奇兀了。作者先用“红妆”言装束之盛，继用“妖娆”描体态之媚，再用“蛾眉”赞容貌之丽，最后才点出昭君和西子的名字和她们的惊天地、泣鬼神的爱国壮举，并冠以“千古光辉”二字，至此，昭君和西子，既是绝世佳人，又是巾帼英雄的形象才完美地突现在读者面前。有夺目之艳丽，有凛然之浩气，形象之完美达到了登峰造极的境地。第三层，最后一句“战马空肥”，是整首小令的点睛之笔，是对怯懦无能的封建统治者的猛烈抨击，是对饱食终日，只会“山呼万岁，舞蹈扬尘，道那声诚惶诚恐”，而一旦国难当头却夭夭逃之的文臣武将们的尖刻嘲讽。“战马空肥”，封建帝王和那文臣武将，国祸临门，都是不仅不思报国，反而“央及煞娘娘”，求助于裙钗，实在是昏庸已极，无能已极。“战马空肥”，一字千钧，揭开了封建社会痈疽之所在，表现了作者无比的愤慨。
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温庭筠《
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达摩支曲》
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李白《
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游溧阳北湖亭望瓦屋山怀古赠同旅》
张可久简介
唐代·张可久的简介
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张可久（约1270～1348以后）字小山（一说名伯远，字可久，号小山）（《尧山堂外纪》）；一说名张可久肖像（林晋生作）可久，字伯远，号小山（《词综》）；又一说字仲远，号小山（《四库全书总目提要》），庆元（治所在今浙江宁波鄞县）人，元朝重要散曲家，剧作家，与乔吉并称“双壁”，与张养浩合为“二张”。
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