书灵筵手巾
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五代]：李煜
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浮生共憔悴，壮岁失婵娟。
汗手遗香渍，痕眉染黛烟。
书灵筵手巾译文及注释
译文
这一生与妻子共同分担着国难的痛苦以至于让人憔悴，正值壮年却又遇上丧妻之痛。
手巾上犹可嗅到妻子生前所用香膏的气味，画眉的黛烟也在手巾上留下了点点斑痕。
注释
灵筵：供亡灵的几筵。人死后，生者为祭奠死者而设立的几案，用以供奉灵位、衣物与酒食。
手巾：即毛巾，又称拭手巾、净巾，是擦拭脸手皮肤的日常用品。在中国，手巾自古即被使用，后禅林备之于僧堂、浴室、后架等供大众使用。
浮生：指人生在世，虚浮不定，故称为“浮生”。语出《庄子·刻意》：“其生若浮，其死若休。”
憔悴：忧戚，烦恼。
壮岁：这里指李煜丧妻时的二十八岁。
婵娟：泛指形态美好的女子。这里指大周后。
黛烟：青黑色的颜料，古时女子用以画眉。
参考资料：
1、张玖青．《李煜全集 汇编汇评汇校》：崇文书局，2011年12月：9页
书灵筵手巾创作背景
这是一首悼亡诗，是为悼念昭惠皇后而作，写作时间是在宋太祖乾德二年（964）冬昭惠后刚逝世后。
参考资料：
1、[南唐]李煜著．《李煜集》：三晋出版社，2008年：77页
书灵筵手巾鉴赏
灵筵，即供奉亡灵的几筵。《梁书·止足传·顾宪之》：“不须常施灵筵，可止设香灯，使致哀者有凭耳。”北齐颜之推《颜氏家训·终制》：“灵筵勿设枕几，朔望祥禫唯下白粥清水乾枣，不得有酒肉饼果之祭。”王利器集解：“灵筵，供亡灵之几筵，后人又谓之灵牀，或曰仪牀。”
李后主十八岁时，纳绝代佳人、多艺才女昭惠为后，其婚姻之美满，伉俪之情深，才子佳人之意切，都是令人艳羡的。然而这对多愁善感的伴侣，在夫妻生活之外，却也有着因时移世变、国祚日衰而带来的诸多不顺心之事，当然也就难免“共憔悴”了。而尤其是年值“壮岁”，按常理，夫妻俩正当精力充沛，正该琴瑟调和，相依相傍，谁知竟疫从天降，绝症袭来，无情地夺走了与自己朝夕相处、形影相随的“婵娟”。“壮岁失婵娟”，中年丧偶，已是人生的大不幸，更何况所失的又是自己十分倾心的可人爱妻呢！接下来，“汗手遗香渍，痕眉染紫烟”，则是由昭惠皇后的遗物——眼前灵筵上的手巾触发哀感。凝神细看，巾上还留有爱妻生时轻抹香靥的“香渍”，细描眉黛的烟痕。可目下是“香渍”犹在，烟痕尚存，而“婵娟”已失，这就更令人不能不倍增切腹之痛了。全诗至此煞笔，余哀不尽。
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送灵澈上人还越中》
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徐凝《
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忆扬州》
李煜简介
唐代·李煜的简介
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李煜，五代十国时南唐国君，961年-975年在位，字重光，初名从嘉，号钟隐、莲峰居士。汉族，彭城（今江苏徐州）人。南唐元宗李璟第六子，于宋建隆二年(961年)继位，史称李后主。开宝八年，宋军破南唐都城，李煜降宋，被俘至汴京，封为右千牛卫上将军、违命侯。后因作感怀故国的名词《虞美人》而被宋太宗毒死。李煜虽不通政治，但其艺术才华却非凡。精书法，善绘画，通音律，诗和文均有一定造诣，尤以词的成就最高。千古杰作《虞美人》、《浪淘沙》、《乌夜啼》等词。在政治上失败的李煜，却在词坛上留下了不朽的篇章，被称为“千古词帝”。
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