田家
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唐代]：聂夷中
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六月禾未秀，官家已修仓。
田家译文及注释
译文
父亲在山上耕田，儿子在山下开荒。
六月的季节，田中稻谷还没有抽穗，而官家收税仓库早已修好等待征敛。
注释
斸（zhú）：一作“锄”，大锄，名词用作动词，挖掘。
禾：禾苗,特指稻苗。秀：谷物吐穗扬花。
官家：旧时对官吏、尊贵者及有权势者的尊称，又指对皇帝的称呼。
田家创作背景
在唐末的乱世，封建国家开支甚巨而资用缺乏，必然加重对农民的榨取，而农民遭受剥削的主要的形式便是地租。在这样的严酷背景上产生了聂夷中的《田家》一诗，其目的就在于揭露这样的黑暗现实。
参考资料：
1、俞平伯．唐诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海古籍出版社，2013：1135
田家鉴赏
“父耕原上田，子劚山下荒”，并不仅仅是写一家父子的事件，而是高度概括了千千万万个农民的家庭，所谓“夜半呼儿趁晓耕，羸牛无力渐艰行”，正是农家普遍的情事；而“原上田”、“山下荒”也并不特指某山某原，而泛指已耕的熟田和待垦的荒地，从耕田写到开荒，简洁有力地刻划出农家一年到头的辛苦，几乎没有空闲可言。十个字具有高度的涵盖力，增加了诗意的典型性，几乎成为封建社会农村生活的一个缩影。
“六月禾未秀，官家已修仓。”一句在揭露讽刺的时候，不发议论而重在摆事实，发人深省。“六月禾未秀”不单指庄稼未成熟。按正常的情况，四五月麦苗就该扬花（“秀”），“六月”应已收割而“禾未秀”，当是遇到了旱情，暗示着歉收。而按唐时两税法，六月正是应该交纳夏税的时节，所以“官家已修仓”本身就暗示着对农民劳动成果的窥伺和即将予以剥夺，而这种窥伺出现在“六月禾未秀”之际，更觉意味深长。“禾未秀”而仓“已修”，一“未”一“已”，二字呼应。
题前摄景，洗炼概括，融情入事，其中任何一种手法都可以收到言简意长的效果。而此诗恰当地同时运用这三种手法，艺术效果也就更加显著。
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李康《
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运命论》
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梁栋《
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金陵三迁有感》
聂夷中简介
唐代·聂夷中的简介
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聂夷中，字坦之，河东人，一说为河南人。咸通十二年(871)登第，官华阴尉。到任时，除琴书外，身无余物。其诗语言朴实，辞浅意哀。不少诗作对封建统治阶级对人民的残酷剥削进行了深刻揭露，对广大田家农户的疾苦则寄予极为深切的同情。代表作有《咏田家》、《田家二首》、《短歌》、《早发邺北经古城》、《杂怨》等，其中以《咏田家》和《田家二首》（其一）流传最广（《田家二首》（其二）后人多认定为李绅的作品，故不提）。
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