菩萨蛮·湘东驿
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宋代]：范成大
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客行忽到湘东驿。明朝真是潇湘客。晴碧万重云。几时逢故人。
江南如塞北。别后书难得。先自雁来稀。那堪春半时。
菩萨蛮·湘东驿鉴赏
词题标明的湘东驿，在南宋时属萍乡县，即现今江西西部、靠近湖南的萍乡市西。当时是比较闭塞的山乡。考作者范成大一生行履，这首小令大约作于1172年（乾道八年）冬作者调任静江知府（治所在今桂林市），为广西经略安抚使，越岁之后途径此地之时。此前几年，作者曾奉使出行金朝，归迁中书舍人并任朝廷史官，接着因对朝廷GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>用人问题提出不同意见，辞官引退归苏州。作者政治上不得意，心情抑郁，这时接到调令，首途广西，来到了荒僻的湘东驿。旅中的孤独凄凉，难以排遣，不禁回想旧日京中故里的友人，忧从中来，写下了这首小令。
上半阕首句点明了客行所至的地点——湘东驿，“忽到”二字，便有非所预想、难料今日的意味，可见远迁广西本非己愿。然而“岂不归怀官有程”（陆游句），官事在身，明朝不得不继续前行，进入潇湘（湖南二水名）之境。“真是”二字，透露出“不意至此，居然至此”的感慨和怅惘。作一个公忠体国的正直官员也是身不由己，乃至不容于朝。作者并没有交待迁官的具体始末，仅从自惊自叹的感喟中表露出微弱信息，供读者去联想得之。怅望苍茫晴空中的重重云彩，意识到自身的所在，距三吴故地是那样的遥远。“几时逢故人？”作者此问，充满了怀旧的情思，也反衬出客行的孤寂境况和失望的悲哀。
江南本山明水秀之区，但对辞乡远别的孤旅来说，一切美景均同虚设，无意观赏，这与荒凉的塞北便无区别了。下半阕首句便发出了如此沉痛的表述：“江南如塞北”，更何况交通阻塞、音书难通，连鸿雁的踪迹也稀少而不易见到。那么，这暮春三月，面对生机盎然的大千世界，岂不更令人孤苦难耐吗？通篇就这样由境触情，由情而忆，由忆而感，由感而悲，倾诉了远别的伤痛、怀旧的积郁。两阕之间，过度自然，浑然一体。语言朴素明白，毫不费解，却又含蓄曲折，意蕴深沉，称得上是洗尽铅华、反璞归真。说它道出了眼中景、心中情，意中事，是“人难言之而已易言之”，是不为过分的。
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汤恢《
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八声甘州·摘青梅荐酒》
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晏几道《
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长相思·长相思》
范成大简介
唐代·范成大的简介
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范成大（1126-1193），字致能，号称石湖居士。汉族，平江吴县（今江苏苏州）人。南宋诗人。谥文穆。从江西派入手，后学习中、晚唐诗，继承了白居易、王建、张籍等诗人新乐府的现实主义精神，终于自成一家。风格平易浅显、清新妩媚。诗题材广泛，以反映农村社会生活内容的作品成就最高。他与杨万里、陆游、尤袤合称南宋“中兴四大诗人”。
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