石州慢·寒水依痕
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宋代]：张元干
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寒水依痕，春意渐回，沙际烟阔。溪梅晴照生香，冷蕊数枝争发。天涯旧恨，试看几许消魂，长亭门外山重叠。不尽眼中青，是愁来时节。
情切。画楼深闭，想见东风，暗销肌雪。辜负枕前云雨，尊前花月。心期切处，更有多少凄凉，殷勤留与归时说。到得却相逢，恰经年离别。
石州慢·寒水依痕译文及注释
译文
寒水缓缓消退，岸边留下一线沙痕。春意渐渐回临，空阔的沙洲烟霭纷纷。晴日朗照，溪边的新梅香气氤氲。数枝梅花争相吐蕊，装点新春。我独在天涯满腔怨恨，试想我现在是何等的悲怆伤神？长亭门外，群山重叠，望不断的远山遥岑，正是令人忧愁的节令时分。遥想深闺中的你，一定也是思绪纷纭。画楼的层门紧闭，春风暗暗使你的容颜瘦损。我真是对不起你啊，让你独守空闺冷衾。辜负了多少尊前花月的美景，浪费了大好青春。你可知道，我也是归心似箭，恨不得一步跨进闺门。更有多少酸甜苦辣，留着回去向你诉说详尽。可等到我们再度相逢，恐怕又要过一年光阴。
注释
肌雪：指人的皮肤洁白如雪。
“寒水”句：杜甫《冬深》诗“花叶惟天意，江溪共石根。早露随类影，寒水各依痕。”此处化用其决心书。
“春意”二句：杜甫《阆水歌》：“更复春从沙际归。”
孤负：同辜负。枕前云雨：此处指夫妇欢合。即宋玉《高唐赋序》中的“旦为朝云，暮为行雨”，借指男女相爱。
石州慢·寒水依痕创作背景
张元斡本是南宋抗战名臣李纲的行营属官，因不愿与奸臣秦桧同朝，晚年漫游江浙等地，客死他乡。词别本题为“感旧”。词人写晚年离乡思归之情，在冬去春来，大地复苏的景象中，寄寓了词人对妻子、对家乡的深深的思念，也体现张元斡词在激昂悲壮之外的细腻深情的另一面。
参考资料：
1、吕明涛，谷学彝编著 ．宋词三百首 ．北京： 中华书局，2009.7： 第156页
石州慢·寒水依痕鉴赏
本词别本题为“感旧”。词人写晚年离乡思归之情，在冬去春来，大地复苏的景象中，寄寓了词人对妻子、对家乡的深深的思念，也体现张元斡词在激昂悲壮之外的细腻深情的另一面。张元斡本是南宋抗战名臣李纲的行营属官，因不愿与奸臣秦桧同朝，遂辞职南归。词的开头点明时令季节。“溪梅”二句用特写的的手法刻画报春的使者。下片“画楼”以下三句，虚景实写，设想佳人独居深院，因日夜思念丈夫，久盼不归，形体渐渐消瘦下去。“心期”三句抒写埋藏词人心底的渴望，即回归故乡，与亲人诉说凄凉。因其有些经历，故黄蓼园认为本词是“因送友而除名，不得已而托于思家，意亦苦矣。”似有牵强附会之嫌。细品全词，还是抒客子思亲之情怀。开篇五句化用杜甫诗意却了无痕迹，写初春之景极为熨贴生动。“天涯旧恨”为上片之眼，也是全词感情的出发点。长亭望远更显思归之切。下片开头“情切”二字精彩，绾合双方，既说自己情切，也引出对方思念自己的情景。从“孤负枕前云雨”句看，所思者就是妻子。再从末尾两句看，似乎作者离家时间在一年左右。词风婉丽而不凄苦，可能是南渡前的作品。歇拍以情收结，极言不堪离别之苦，感情跌宕，含意深沉。这首词构思精妙，超越闺怨，有着对人生的悲叹，内涵深广。
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辛弃疾《
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菩萨蛮·金陵赏心亭为叶丞相赋》
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晏几道《
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浣溪沙·闲弄筝弦懒系裙》
张元干简介
唐代·张元干的简介
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元干出身书香门第。其父名动，进士出身，官至龙图阁直学士，能诗。张元干受其家风影响，从小聪明好学，永泰的寒光阁、水月亭是他幼年生活和读书处。十四五岁随父亲至河北官廨（在临漳县）已能写诗，常与父亲及父亲的客人唱和，人称之“敏悟”。
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