酒泉子·买得杏花
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唐代]：司空图
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买得杏花，十载归来方始坼。假山西畔药阑东，满枝红。
旋开旋落旋成空，白发多情人更惜。黄昏把酒祝东风，且从容。
酒泉子·买得杏花译文及注释
译文
买来的杏花，离家十年归来刚刚看到她开放。假山的西面，药圃的东头，满枝开得正红。
花儿开得快也落得快，一忽儿全都成空。白发年老却多情，人就是这样怜惜感伤。黄昏时举酒祈祷东风，愿你对她稍加宽厚，吹拂从容。
注释
酒泉子：词牌名，以酒泉郡地名作曲名，原为唐教坊曲。双片四十一字，全阕以四平韵为主，四仄韵两部错叶。
坼（chè）：绽开，词中指花蕾绽放。
药阑（lán）：篱笆、花栏。唐李匡乂《资暇集》：“今园廷中药栏．栏即药，药即栏，犹言同援，非花药之栏也。”一说指芍药围成的花栏。
旋：急忙、匆匆。
把酒：执酒。
祝：祝祷、祈愿。
从容：悠闲舒缓的样子。
参考资料：
1、邓乔彬，刘兴晖撰；袁行霈主编；刘跃进副主编．晚唐五代词选：商务印书馆，2015.08：第61页
2、亦冬译注．古代文史名著选译丛书 唐五代词选译 修订版：凤凰出版社，2011.05：第59页
酒泉子·买得杏花创作背景
这首词约作于唐僖宗广明二年（881年）春。上年冬，黄巢攻占长安，僖宗奔蜀。司空图扈驾不及，只好避居故乡河中（今山西永济）。其时司空图入世之心未泯，突然遭此大变故，感到十分愕然，产生很多感慨。这首词便是在这种情况下创作而成。
酒泉子·买得杏花鉴赏
词的上片叙事写景。首两句叙栽种杏花的经过：自买杏栽种到自己亲眼看到杏花开放，竟已隔了十年的时间。作者自咸通十年（869年）登进士第以后，便宦游在外，到返乡，其间共隔十一年时间。“十年”当是举其成数而言。“方始坼”言外之意是说：花亦多情，竞知待归始放。作者写作诗词每每超越经验世界而注重眼前直觉，因此此杏去年开花与否，完全可以丢开不管；反正是眼前开了，便可以尽情吟赏。“假山西畔药阑东，满枝红”两句，一是说杏花在园中的位置适中，东边是假山，西边是芍药阑，景物配置合宜，使人感到它在主人的心目中占有特殊的地位。二是说盛开的杏花喷红溢艳，令人感到赏心悦目。上片四句虽然投有直接描写作者对杏花的态度，但爱杏之心已经不言而喻了。
下片主要抒发感慨。“旋开旋落旋成空”一句叠用三个“旋”字，把昨天的花开、眼前的花落和若干天以后的枝上花空三个阶段飞快扫过，极言好景不长，韶华易逝。从创作上看，词人是一个很善于把自己的心曲外物化的词人。十载功名，霎那间成为过眼云烟。这与杏花“旋开旋落旋成空”的现象可谓“妙契同尘”。悲物，正所以悲己，因而读者不准从中听到作者怅惘、失意、痛楚的心声。“白发多GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>情人更惜”，多GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>情人易生华发，缘于善感。值此花开花落的时节，当然更是如此。由于词人入世之心未泯，惜时，表明他尚有所待。“黄昏把酒祝东风，且从容”，词人的政治前途与唐王朝是紧紧联系在一起的，唐王朝的命运“旋成空”的话，词人就无所指望了。“且从容”三字看似漫不经心，实则字字为焦虑、忧思所浸渍，因而可以说是“味无穷而炙愈出”了。
全词由种花、赏花、惜花，写到祝告东风，乞驻春光护花，始终未离杏花一步，而忧国之思俨若可扪。这就巧妙地体现了词人在《诗品·含蓄》中提出来的“不著一字，尽得风流；语不涉己，若不堪忧”的艺术要求，因而是耐人寻味的。
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司空图简介
唐代·司空图的简介
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司空图（837～908）晚唐诗人、诗论家。字表圣，自号知非子，又号耐辱居士。祖籍临淮（今安徽泗县东南），自幼随家迁居河中虞乡（今山西永济）。唐懿宗咸通十年（869年）应试，擢进士上第，天复四年（904年），朱全忠召为礼部尚书，司空图佯装老朽不任事，被放还。后梁开平二年（908年），唐哀帝被弑，他绝食而死，终年七十二岁。司空图成就主要在诗论，《二十四诗品》为不朽之作。《全唐诗》收诗三卷。
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