南歌子·又是乌西匿
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清代]：王国维
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又是乌西匿，初看雁北翔。
好与报檀郎：春来宵渐短，莫思量。
南歌子·又是乌西匿译文及注释
译文
太阳落山，又是一天过去。今年第一次看到大雁北飞。
多么希望把这个消息告诉情郎。春天来了，夜晚开始渐渐变短。还是不要思念的好。
注释
南歌子：原唐教坊曲名，后用为词牌。隋唐以来曲多以“子”名，“子”有小的含义，大体属于小曲。
乌西匿（nì）：指太阳落山。乌这里是太阳的代称。
雁北翔：大雁北飞，暗指春天到来。
好与：叮嘱之辞。
宵渐短：仲春时节日夜均分，过此之后日渐长而夜渐短，故有此说。
思量：想念。
南歌子·又是乌西匿创作背景
此词作于1906年冬季，当时王国维在异地教书。他离家日久，思念家人，内心觉得家人也正在思念自己，于是王国维便模仿妻子的口吻写下此词。
参考资料：
1、陈永正.人间词校注[M].上海古籍出版社,1979(125)
南歌子·又是乌西匿鉴赏
这首小词只有短短的二十三个字，却十分细腻地刻画出一个思妇内心复杂的情感。
首先，在“乌西匿”和“雁北翔”的自然景色之中，隐藏有一种对光阴流逝的忧愁恐惧。“乌西匿”是太阳落山，它点出白天已经过去，夜晚已经到来；“雁北翔”是大雁北飞，大雁北飞说明冬季已经过去，春天将会到来。
其次，这首词以春天的到来为背景。可是现在虽然是春光明媚、春宵帐暖，但这个女子的爱人却不在她身旁，则其孤独寂寞可想而知。这又是思妇心中悲伤痛苦的另一个原因。
第三，古人认为大雁可以给远方的人传书，因此这“雁北翔”的兴发感动之中也包含有传书的联想，所以才引出了下面一句“好与报檀郎”。思妇看到大自然中“乌西匿”和“雁北翔”的景象而引起了内心的兴发感动，因而要大雁给她的心上人带去两句话：“春来宵渐短，莫思量。”
自己因相思而痛苦时想到对方也在为相思而痛苦，自己正在遭受想思的煎熬却希望对方不要受到这种痛苦的煎熬，这是一种忘我的关怀与体贴。结尾这短短八个字，写得深厚缠绵，把思妇心中那些不尽的情意和感情都包含在这里边了。
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王国维简介
唐代·王国维的简介
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王国维（1877年—1927年），字伯隅、静安，号观堂、永观，汉族，浙江海宁盐官镇人。清末秀才。我国近现代在文学、美学、史学、哲学、古文字学、考古学等各方面成就卓著的学术巨子，国学大师。
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