菩萨蛮·牡丹花谢莺声歇
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唐代]：温庭筠
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牡丹花谢莺声歇，绿杨满院中庭月。相忆梦难成，背窗灯半明。
翠钿金压脸，寂寞香闺掩。人远泪阑干，燕飞春又残。
菩萨蛮·牡丹花谢莺声歇译文及注释
译文
牡丹花凋谢了，黄莺也停止了啼鸣，皎洁的月光照映着种满了绿杨的院落。在这幽寂的环境中，她却因怀念远人而难以入眠，做不成相忆相见的美梦，她只能背对窗户，独自对着一盏昏暗的孤灯。
她头戴着华贵富丽的首饰，金玉饰物垂下来几乎遮住了她的脸庞。可是纵然盛装打扮，在这寂寞深掩的香闺里，又有谁来欣赏她的娇艳呢？想到远方的情人她不禁泪流满面，燕子飞去，春天又快要过去了，她的美好青春也随着春光一去不返！
注释
①牡丹花谢：形容春天已过。
②梦难成：指难以入眠。
③背窗：谓人面背窗。《诗经·卫风·伯兮》：“言树之背。”马瑞辰：《毛诗传笺通释》：“《说文》，‘北，从二人相背。’是北本从背。”
④翠钿（tián）：绿色的花钿，用翡翠（青绿色）珠玉制成的首饰。花钿，又名花子、媚子、施眉心，古代妇女面额上的一种妆饰。唐代妇女多用金箔、彩纸等剪成花样贴在额上以为妆饰。杨慎《丹铅录》：“唐韦固妻少为盗所刃，伤靥，以翠掩之，女妆遂有靥饰。”金压脸，指以黄粉敷面。
⑤香闺：女子居室。
⑥阑（lán）干：纵横。蔡琰《胡笳十八拍》（其十七）：“岂知重得兮入长安，叹息欲绝兮泪阑干。”
参考资料：
1、（后蜀）赵崇祚编选．花间集注评：凤凰出版社，2008.5.：8页
2、赵崇祚编选．花间集 插图本.：万卷出版公司，2008.1：7页
菩萨蛮·牡丹花谢莺声歇鉴赏
这是一首闺怨词，侧重于描写闺人之寂寞与时光之流逝。上阕写暮春的晚上，“牡丹花谢”、“莺声歇”、“绿杨满院”可见时当春暮，“中庭月”则点明“夜”。这两句，除表现时间外，又兼有布置环境的作用，杨树满院，浓绿暗淡，月到中庭，洒下清冷的光辉。“相忆”两句，转入室内写到人。主人公因相忆而彻夜不眠，相伴的只有“半明”的孤灯，想要做个远梦，与远人相偎相倚，可梦也难成，好一番孤凄。
下阕写情，进一步刻画女子的情态：“翠钿金压脸”，以首饰之缤纷富丽反面衬托美人之孤寂；“寂寞香闺掩”，以香闺之掩闭正面状美人内心之凄苦，深动人心；“人远泪阑干”，正面揭示出孤独与寂寞都是因为“人远”所致；而“燕飞春又残”，再从侧面暗寓主人公的青春正随时光的流逝而流逝。香闺空掩，盛装之下，却难掩寂寞；无语泪流，春已暮，人未还，真不知这种等待还要持续多久。以景结情，感情的表露凄恻感人，更加渲染出无限感伤的意绪。
这首词时而正面描写，时而侧面描写，回环往复，层层深入。全词意脉连贯统一，情景交织互渗，结构首尾呼应，创造出了回环往复的抒情效果，细细读来，意味深长。
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温庭筠简介
唐代·温庭筠的简介
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温庭筠（约812—866）唐代诗人、词人。本名岐，字飞卿，太原祁（今山西祁县东南）人。富有天才，文思敏捷，每入试，押官韵，八叉手而成八韵，所以也有“温八叉”之称。然恃才不羁，又好讥刺权贵，多犯忌讳，取憎于时，故屡举进士不第，长被贬抑，终生不得志。官终国子助教。精通音律。工诗，与李商隐齐名，时称“温李”。其诗辞藻华丽，秾艳精致，内容多写闺情。其词艺术成就在晚唐诸词人之上，为“花间派”首要词人，对词的发展影响较大。在词史上，与韦庄齐名，并称“温韦”。存词七十余首。后人辑有《温飞卿集》及《金奁集》。
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