塞上曲·其一
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唐代]：王昌龄
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蝉鸣空桑林，八月萧关道。
出塞入塞寒，处处黄芦草。
从来幽并客，皆共尘沙老。
莫学游侠儿，矜夸紫骝好。
塞上曲·其一译文及注释
译文
知了在枯秃的桑林鸣叫，
八月的萧关道气爽秋高。
出塞后再入塞气候变冷，
关内关外尽是黄黄芦草。
自古来河北山西的豪杰，
都与尘土黄沙伴随到老。
莫学那自恃勇武游侠儿，
自鸣不凡地把骏马夸耀。
注释
空桑林：桑林因秋来落叶而变得空旷、稀疏。
萧关：宁夏古关塞名。
幽并：幽州和并州，今河北、山西和陕西一部分。
共：作“向”。
游侠儿：都市游侠少年。
矜：自夸。紫骝：紫红色的骏马。
塞上曲·其一鉴赏
“蝉鸣空桑林，八月萧关道。出塞复入塞，处处黄芦草。”这四句写边塞秋景，无限肃杀悲凉，寒蝉、桑林、萧关、边塞、秋草都是中围古代诗歌意象里悲情的代名词，诗歌开篇刻意描写肃杀的秋景是为后来的反战主题作背景和情感上的铺垫。写戍边GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>征人，寄寓深切同情。“从来幽并客，皆共沙尘老”，与王翰的“醉卧沙场君莫笑，古来征战几人回”，可谓英雄所见，异曲同工，感人至深。幽州和并州都是唐代边塞之地，也是许多读书人“功名只向马上取”、“宁为百夫长，胜作一书生”的追逐名利的地方。然而，诗人从这些满怀宏图大志的年轻人身上看到的却是“皆共沙尘老”的无奈结局。末两句，以对比作结，通过对自恃勇武，炫耀紫骝善于驰骋，耀武扬威地游荡，甚至惹是生非而扰民的所谓游侠的讽刺，深刻地表达了作者对于战争的厌恶，对于和平生活的向往。前面讲的幽并客的时候，作者还没有什么贬意，字里行间里还隐约可见对于献身沙场壮士的惋惜之情。用“游侠儿”来形容那些只知道夸耀自己养有良马的市井无赖，作者的反战情绪有了更深层次的表达。
此诗写边塞秋景，有慷慨悲凉的建安遗韵；写戍边GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>征人，又有汉乐府直抒胸臆的哀怨之情；讽喻市井游侠，又让人看到了唐代锦衣少年的浮夸风气。
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王昌龄简介
唐代·王昌龄的简介
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王昌龄 (698— 756），字少伯，河东晋阳（今山西太原）人。盛唐著名边塞诗人，后人誉为“七绝圣手”。早年贫贱，困于农耕，年近不惑，始中进士。初任秘书省校书郎，又中博学宏辞，授汜水尉，因事贬岭南。与李白、高适、王维、王之涣、岑参等交厚。开元末返长安，改授江宁丞。被谤谪龙标尉。安史乱起，为刺史闾丘所杀。其诗以七绝见长，尤以登第之前赴西北边塞所作边塞诗最著，有“诗家夫子王江宁”之誉（亦有“诗家天子王江宁”的说法）。
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