乞猫
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明代]：刘基
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赵人患鼠，乞猫于中山。中山人予之猫，猫善捕鼠及鸡。月余，鼠尽而鸡亦尽。其子患之，告其父曰：“盍去诸？”其父曰：“是非若所知也。吾之患在鼠，不在乎无鸡。夫有鼠，则窃吾食，毁吾衣，穿吾垣墉，毁伤吾器用，吾将饥寒焉，不病于无鸡乎？无鸡者，弗食鸡则已耳，去饥寒犹远，若之何而去夫猫也！”
（选自明·刘基《郁离子·捕鼠》）
乞猫译文及注释
译文
有一个赵国人家里发生了鼠患，到中山讨猫。中山国的人给了他猫。这猫既善于捉老鼠，又善于捉鸡。过了一个多月，老鼠没了，鸡也没了。他的儿子很担心，对他父亲说："为什么不把猫赶走呢?"他父亲说："这不是你所懂的事了。我的祸害是老鼠，不在乎有没有鸡。有老鼠，就会偷吃我的粮食，毁坏我的衣服，穿破我的墙壁，啃坏我的用具，我就会饥寒交迫，不是比没有鸡害处更大吗？没有鸡，只不过不吃鸡罢了，距离饥寒交迫还很远，为什么要把那猫赶走呢？"
注释
于：在。
善：善于，擅长。
患：祸害，灾难这里做动词。
其子患之（患）：忧虑。
乞：向人讨，请求。
中山：春秋时小国名，在今河北省。
予：给。
盍：“何不”的合音，为什么不。
诸：“之乎”的合音。
弗：不
是：这
若：你。
穿：穿透，穿过。
远：表示距离。
垣墉：墙壁。 垣：墙
耳：语气词。
病：害处。
去：距离。
若之何：固定句式，这里的意思是“为什么要”。
已耳：罢了。
“吾将饥寒焉”的“焉”是语气助词，所以可以不被翻译。没有意义的。
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刘基简介
唐代·刘基的简介
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刘基（1311年7月1日－1375年5月16日）字伯温，谥曰文成，元末明初杰出的军事谋略家、政治家、文学家和思想家，明朝开国元勋，汉族，浙江文成南田（原属青田）人，故时人称他刘青田，明洪武三年（1370）封诚意伯，人们又称他刘诚意。武宗正德九年追赠太师，谥号文成，后人又称他刘文成、文成公。他以神机妙算、运筹帷幄著称于世。刘伯温是中国古代的一位传奇人物，至今在中国大陆、港澳台乃至东南亚、日韩等地仍有广泛深厚的民间影响力。
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