咏笼莺
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清代]：纳兰性德
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何处金衣客，栖栖翠幙中。
有心惊晓梦，无计啭春风。
漫逐梁间燕，谁巢井上桐。
空将云路翼，缄恨在雕笼。
咏笼莺译文及注释
译文
黄莺你从何处来，为什么被囚禁在这富贵之家？
清晨你的啼叫让主人惊醒，好像是在反抗这桎梏你的牢笼让你没有办法在春风中自由歌唱。
飞燕在梁间嬉戏打闹，梧桐树上的鸟儿自由的筑巢，而你却再无自由。
飞翔云天只不过是心中的奢望，你只能在华丽的鸟笼中度过漫漫一生。
注释
金衣客：即黄莺，亦称黄鸟、黄鹂，因其羽毛为黄色，故称。
栖栖(xīxī)：奔忙不定，忙碌不安的样子。翠幕：绿色的纱帐，借指富贵之家。
啭：鸟儿婉转地叫。
漫：随意，不受约束。
巢：做动词，筑巢。
缄恨：衔恨。雕笼：指雕刻精致的鸟笼。
参考资料：
1、古诗文网经典传承志愿小组．白马非马译注，作者邮箱：930331075@qq.com
咏笼莺鉴赏
性德看到黄莺虽然处于金丝笼中，有水和上好的食物，却始终不快乐，不再歌唱，由此联想到自己。身处相国府，要谨遵父母之命，不能拥有自己的生活，不能去追逐自己想要的东西。他的父亲纳兰明珠一直不能理解为什么儿子有了锦衣玉食有了舒适的生活还是不快乐。就像那只关在笼中的黄莺，他就算飞的很远为了生计劳碌奔波，为了追求自己的理想弄得满身伤痕也无怨无悔。在家——一个像是金丝玉雕的笼子里面，没有自由没有自我的生活是性德不屑的却是不得不接受的。儒家的思想教育他必须以孝敬父母为己任，教育他要将自己的不满埋在心里不能轻易表达出来。这种悲哀与愁绪一点一点积淀在他的心中，慢慢形成了性德沉抑忧郁的性格。而文字，是从来不会骗人的，笔下流露的东西很少能够掩饰一个人心中所想。另一方面，性德只有在写词的时候才是最真实的自己，才能表达自己所希望的所不满的东西，才能在短暂的时间内做回一个真正的纳兰性德。歌德说：“一个作家的风格，是他内心生活的准确标志。所以，一个人如果想写出明白的风格，他首先要心里明白；如果想写出雄伟的风格，他也首先要有雄伟的人格。”所以，他的词，哀怨和悲伤都明明白白是他内心真实的写照，反映了容若一生的不快乐。
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长亭怨慢·雁》
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杜甫《
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孤雁》
纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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