鹧鸪天·寻菊花无有戏作
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宋代]：辛弃疾
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掩鼻人间臭腐场，古来惟有酒偏香。自从来住云烟畔，直到而今歌舞忙。
呼老伴，共秋光。黄花何处避重阳？要知烂熳开时节，直待西风一夜霜。
鹧鸪天·寻菊花无有戏作译文及注释
译文
从古到今人间都是“腐臭场”，只有酒是香的。自从隐居在云烟畔，每天都过的闲适潇洒。
重阳时节，呼朋唤友共享美丽秋色，只这菊花竟还未开放。看来要想菊花开的热烈绚烂，还得等待刮一阵秋风，落一夜严霜。
注释
云烟畔：词人闲居的铅山乡间别墅。
黄花：菊花。
重阳：即农历九月初九，古人常在这天登高赏菊。
鹧鸪天·寻菊花无有戏作鉴赏
辛弃疾的词，大多借景抒情、咏物言志，他的这首《鹧鸪天》也不例外。自从南归之后，他本希望能得到南宋政权的重用，报效国家，恢复中原，展露才干，但没想到他的这些志向不仅未能实现，反而遭奸臣谗害，落得被迫过上闲居生活。他虽寄情山水，但仍时常流露出一股愤愤不平之气。此词虽题为《寻菊花无有，戏作》，但整个上片都未直接接触题目，只是愤世嫉俗之情的抒发；就是下片，对题目说来，也只是点到而已。
此词上片开头两句：“掩鼻人间臭腐场，古今惟有酒偏香。”仿佛凭空而来，却又发自心灵深处，是饱经风霜，到过了庙堂官场、都会边疆，目睹了官场丑恶之后的十分痛苦的总结和极端厌恶的心态。在辛弃疾的仕途生涯中，他看惯了当时投降派掌权，正人君子遭受打击，狗苟蝇营的小人气焰嚣张，故斥官场为“臭腐场”，实在是再恰当不过了。“掩鼻”二字，本于《孟子。离娄下》的“西子蒙不洁，则人皆掩鼻而过之”，充分展示了词人自己品格的高洁和对丑恶的厌恶。正因为面对的是“臭腐场”，所以“惟有酒偏香”。“酒”之“偏香”，不在于它的味，而在于它能“解忧”。“惟有酒偏香”，言外之意是说除酒以外，一切都是“臭腐”的。“人间”与“古今”连用，即空间与时间结合，横与纵交织，意谓不仅眼前的“人间”是“臭腐场”，“惟有酒偏香”，而且从古到今，莫不如此。接着“自从来住云烟畔，直到而今歌舞忙。”两句，情调一转，由对“人间”深深的厌恶，变为对山林隐居生活的由衷的喜悦，前后形成了鲜明的对照。“云烟畔”，指词人闲居的铅山乡间别墅。这里依山临水，云烟缥缈，如世外桃源。“歌舞忙”，写词人闲适潇洒的生活和志得意满的情愫。他在闲居铅山时所作的词，多有类似语句。
上片叙写人间是“臭腐场”，词人欲远务之，从而为下片“寻菊花”作了铺垫。下片“呼老伴，共秋光。黄花何处避重阳？”转入正题。前两句点“寻菊花”，后一句明“不见”。“老伴”，据另一阕《鹧鸪天》（翰墨诸公久擅场）的题目可知，当为“吴子似诸友”。“共秋光”，共享秋光。古人多用“秋光”来表现菊花。如杜甫《课伐木》诗说：“秋光近青岑，季月当泛菊。”张孝祥《鹧鸪天》词说：“一种浓华别样妆，留连春色到秋光。解将天上千年艳，翻作人间九月黄。”因而“共秋光”，即隐含了“寻菊花”之意。“黄花”，即菊花。“重阳”，即农历九月初九，古人常在这天登高赏菊。结尾两句：“要知烂熳开时节，直待秋风一夜霜。”是说菊花的开放，还得等待刮一阵秋风，落一夜严霜。这只是字面意思，实际是赞美菊花不趋炎附势而傲霜凌寒的品格。赞美菊花的这一品格，也是表明作者的品格。
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辛弃疾《
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鹧鸪天（寻菊花无有，戏作）》
辛弃疾简介
唐代·辛弃疾的简介
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辛弃疾（1140－1207），南宋词人。原字坦夫，改字幼安，别号稼轩，汉族，历城（今山东济南）人。出生时，中原已为金兵所占。21岁参加抗金义军，不久归南宋。历任湖北、江西、湖南、福建、浙东安抚使等职。一生力主抗金。曾上《美芹十论》与《九议》，条陈战守之策。其词抒写力图恢复国家统一的爱国热情，倾诉壮志难酬的悲愤，对当时执政者的屈辱求和颇多谴责；也有不少吟咏祖国河山的作品。题材广阔又善化用前人典故入词，风格沉雄豪迈又不乏细腻柔媚之处。由于辛弃疾的抗金主张与当政的主和派政见不合，后被弹劾落职，退隐江西带湖。
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