和马郎中移白菊见示
[
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 93
唐代]：李商隐
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 116
陶诗只采黄金实，郢曲新传白雪英。
素色不同篱下发，繁花疑自月中生。
浮杯小摘开云母，带露全移缀水精。
偏称含香五字客，从兹得地始芳荣。
和马郎中移白菊见示译文及注释
译文
陶渊明诗中只是采黄菊的黄精。郢都歌曲中新传唱阳春白雪的白雪花英。
白色不同于黄在篱笆墙下发展（白居易有咏白菊自比白头翁诗），繁盛的白花繁白好像从月亮银水中出生。
浮照酒杯少摘一些又打开云云母屏风，连带露水全都移植好像连缀着月亮这个水精。
偏偏称心的五字诗人客对您含着鸡舌香的郎官来称赞，您如这白菊花从此得地就开始欣欣向荣了！
注释
马郎中：即前水部马郎中。《移白菊见示》是马郎中的诗。
陶诗：东晋诗人陶渊明之诗。
黄金实：指菊花。陶渊明爱菊，诗中多有对菊花的赞美。
郢曲：郢是战国时楚国都城，郢城中有《下里巴人》、《阳春白雪》等歌曲。此借《白雪歌》引出白菊之英。
素：白。素色：白色。
小摘：喻花未盛开。云母：谓花似白云母。
水精：即石英。此形容菊上露珠之晶莹。
称：适合。含香：《汉旧仪)中说尚书郎在光明殿奏事之时，含鸡舌香，即丁香。
五字客：据郭颁《魏晋世语》所载：司马景王命中书令虞松作表，再呈，仍不合意，令松修改，松不能改。中书郎钟会为更定五字，松悦服。此以五字客钟会比马郎中。结尾言有马郎中之佳咏，白菊从此得地而盛开。
得地：犹得所。
参考资料：
1、郑在瀛．李商隐诗全集 汇编今注简释：崇文书局，2011.12：第239页
和马郎中移白菊见示创作背景
这首诗作于会昌四年（公元844年）。这年春天，李商隐全家迁到永乐（今山西芮城附近）居住。诗人来到这里后生活很清闲，因为在这一期间他因家母丧而去官在家安住，暂时远离了复杂的政治舞台，住“蜗牛舍”，饮松酌酒，又弄琴笙，赏花草，游山玩水，吟诗作赋，此诗就是诗人当时悠闲心境的反映。
参考资料：
1、靖宇．唐诗多用途 多功能辞典：辽海出版社，2001年09月第1版：78-79
和马郎中移白菊见示鉴赏
菊花历来是诗人笔下的爱物。东晋陶洲明就以爱菊闻名。尤其他那“采菊东篱下，悠然见南山”的名句，千百年来脍炙人口，更抬高了菊花的“身价”。不过人们赏菊，多数人喜欢黄色的金菊。而不大喜欢寒素的白菊。唐人也是如此。刘禹锡就在诗中写过当时“家家菊尽黄”（《和令狐相公玩白菊》），虽有夸张。但却反映出大多数人的嗜好，因为“白花冷淡无人爱”（白居易《白牡丹》）。而李商隐这首诗则专为白菊写照，极言其美。
诗一开头便写道：“实”即花。晋代潘尼《秋菊赋》中就有“真人采其实花”之句。“英”也指菊花。屈原就有“夕餐秋菊之落英”（《离骚》）的诗句。“郢曲”与“白雪”都是用典。宋玉《砖楚王问》中说：“客有歌于郢（楚国都城）中者，……其为《阳春白雪》，园中属而和者数十人。”诗人觉得东晋陶渊明在他有关菊花的诗作中只写黄菊，不写白菊，似乎不大公平（其实不是不写白菊，我国汉魏及两晋还没有培育出白菊），所以马郎中移栽白菊，并以白菊赋诗，真是难能可贵，其诗作如同《阳春白雪》之曲那般高雅，和者盖寡啊！
接下去，诗人便着力刻画白菊之美。三、四两句：“素色不同篱下发，繁花疑自月中生”，主要刻画白菊之色，而“移”字也随手带出。就色而言，白菊冰肌雪骨，如白玉琢成，似秋霜初降，确实不同于篱下生长出来的黄菊。它那晶莹洁白、玲珑剔透的花朵似乎是从月宫生长出寿的，哪是人世间的凡花俗卉呢？
五、六两句又一分一合更细致地描写白菊：“浮杯小摘开云母，部露全移缀水晶。”“小摘”是分开来看，“全移”是合观一体。此处诗人采取他贯用的写作手法，绕开描至对象本身，别出心裁，以他物出之因为“意翻空而易奇，言征实而舛巧”。（《文心雕龙·神思》），如果直相描写白菊本身容易直白无味，所以诗人便采用比喻的手法，借物之亡者以喻白菊，浮杯小摘，即分开来帝细观看，它晶莹剔透。如同云母一样玲珑。再“带露全移”，从整体上观察，那洁白纯净的花瓣上带着一串串透明的露珠，真如水晶一般明亮这一联笔法精妙，极尽白菊之态。
七、八两句：“偏称含香五字客从兹得地始方荣。”着重赞扬马郎中其人及其移植白菊之事。清人陆昆曾评论这两句诗的时候就说：“含香句，谓花与人称。一经郎中移植，便庆得地。而芳荣自此始矣。”（《李义山诗集注》）。“含香”与“五字客”都是用典。《汉旧仪》中说：在汉代，尚书郎奏事于光明殿。而殿中用胡粉涂墙壁，尚书郎“趋走丹墀。含鸡舌香（即今丁香），伏其下奏事。”另据《世说新语》所载，魏司马景王命中书令虞松作表，虞松写完后上呈，却不合景王之意，让他再行决定。但虞松思路枯竭，半天不能更改，心想此事，面带难色，当时钟会见之便拿过来看，为他改定了五个字，虞松心悦诚服。再送景王之时，景王惊问虞松，虞松吐实之后，景王叹道：“如此大才，应予重用。”此处“含香”与“五字客”是赞扬马郎中其人。白菊为大多数人所不赏，却遇到马郎中这样如钟会一样文采风流的知音，生得其地，也可以一显芳荣了。
这首诗句新意关。表现在：诗人写白菊之色不从白菊本身着笔，而是发挥丰富的想象，运用恰当的比喻来形容之。先是疑白菊生自月中。后又用云母水晶来比方。新颖别致，翻空出奇，同时本诗又使用了一些典故，美不胜收。
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 169
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
上一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
吴文英《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
醉桃源·芙蓉》
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 193
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
下一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
吴文英《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
过秦楼·黄钟商芙蓉》
李商隐简介
唐代·李商隐的简介
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 222
Warning: Use of undefined constant titleurl - assumed 'titleurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 228
李商隐，字义山，号玉溪（谿）生、樊南生，唐代著名诗人，祖籍河内（今河南省焦作市）沁阳，出生于郑州荥阳。他擅长诗歌写作，骈文文学价值也很高，是晚唐最出色的诗人之一，和杜牧合称“小李杜”，与温庭筠合称为“温李”，因诗文与同时期的段成式、温庭筠风格相近，且三人都在家族里排行第十六，故并称为“三十六体”。其诗构思新奇，风格秾丽，尤其是一些爱情诗和无题诗写得缠绵悱恻，优美动人，广为传诵。但部分诗歌过于隐晦迷离，难于索解，至有“诗家总爱西昆好，独恨无人作郑笺”之说。因处于牛李党争的夹缝之中，一生很不得志。死后葬于家乡沁阳（今河南焦作市沁阳与博爱县交界之处）。作品收录为《李义山诗集》。
猜你喜欢
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
酬韩质舟行阻冻
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
唐代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
韦应物
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
晨坐枉嘉藻，持此慰寝兴。中获辛苦奏，长河结阴冰。
皓曜群玉发，凄清孤景凝。至柔反成坚，造化安可恒。
方舟未得行，凿饮空兢兢。寒苦弥时节，待泮岂所能。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
枕上闻风
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
纪青
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
疏懒而今成自然，醒来不是听鸡年。
霜风一夜寒多少，重理禅衣覆足眠。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
闵忠
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
方一夔
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
弱冠知名动紫宸，两朝际遇荷恩深。身先赴义人争死，天不成功泪满襟。
自郑有谋归华氏，舍湘无地托王琳。鞠躬待死无馀事，不负朝廷不负心。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
台城路 阑干
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
清代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
顾翎
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
紫桐廊畔春如画，分明碧城十二。刻玉蟠螭，泥金写凤，短短回文轻护。
萦云宝炷。恰界破方花，书成梵字。古础苔衣，秋痕晕上几重翠。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
湖上口号三首 其一
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
刘摰
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
绿荷深不见湖光，万柄清风动晓凉。莫恨红葩犹未烂，叶香元自胜花香。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
走笔赠张将军赴岭外
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
王世贞
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
毋烦薏苡后车传，自有清风扫瘴烟。压载他年借廉石，盟心今日试贪泉。