南轩松
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唐代]：李白
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清风无闲时，潇洒终日夕。
何当凌云霄，直上数千尺。
南轩松译文及注释
译文
窗南有棵孤傲的青松，枝叶是多么茂密。
清风时时摇着它的枝条，潇洒终日是多么惬意。
树阴下老早以前就长满绿苔，秋日的云雾到此也被它染碧。
何时才能枝叶参天长到云霄外面，直上千尺巍然挺正。
注释
南轩：轩原本指多窗的长廊，这里泛指当南的窗外。
柯叶：枝叶。
绵幂：密密层层的样子，枝叶稠密而相覆之意。
潇洒：洒脱，无拘束貌。此以形容松树枝叶在清风中摆动的样子。
日夕：早晚。“终日夕”与上句“无闲时”对举。
“阴生”句：阴凉处生出的青苔颜色深绿。
“色染”句：苍翠的青松似乎将秋一的烟岚都染绿了。
何当：犹言何日、何时。
凌云霄：直上云霄。
参考资料：
1、赵志凡 ．中国历代咏物诗选注 ：河南大学出版社 ，1989年10月第1版 ：1-2 ．
2、陈文新 ．历代草木诗选 ：云南人民出版社 ，1988年12月第1版 ：77-78 ．
3、詹福瑞 等 ．李白诗全译 ．石家庄 ：河北人民出版社 ，1997 ：921 ．
南轩松创作背景
安旗《李白全集编半注释》云，此诗于开元十五年（727）而作。
参考资料：
1、詹福瑞 等．李白诗全译．石家庄：河北人民出版社，1997：921
南轩松鉴赏
安旗《李白全集编半注释》云，此诗于开元十五年（727）而作。
“南轩有孤松，柯叶自绵幂”运用铺叙的手法，描绘出一幅松树苍劲挺拔、松树枝叶稠密昂首天外的景致。诗一开头，就说这是一棵“孤松”，突出了它的不同凡俗。接着写松树枝叶繁茂、生机勃勃、四季常青，塑造出松树郁郁苍苍、古朴高洁的形象。
“清风无闲时，潇洒终日夕”，风吹劲松，更觉松树苍劲。古人有诗云：“亭亭山上松，瑟瑟谷中风。风声一何盛，松枝一何劲。”“清风”、“潇洒”、“日夕”等有巨大气势的事物和表现大起大落的动词，使得诗意具有飞扬跋扈、迅猛阔大的气势。风因松而见其盛，松因风而见其劲，为下文期盼“孤松”向往着“直上数千尺”的凌云之势作铺垫。
“阴生古苔绿，色染秋烟碧”两句，再对松树生长的环境进行描写，来烘托松树高大苍翠。“阴生古苔绿”，是说由于松树高大，在它的阴处长出了碧绿的古苔。既言“古苔”足见这棵松树的年岁之长。半空中松树茂密的枝叶，一片浓密翠绿，而地上的古苔也呈现出一片绿色，上下辉映，似乎将周围的空气都要染绿了似的。“色染秋烟碧”，形象地描绘了这一迷人景象。其中一个“染”字用得妙，将景物都着上了宜人的色彩。
“何当凌云霄，直上数千尺”以夸张的口吻极言其高。正是抒写的诗人见“孤松”而生的感叹，但不是以上所说的那种感觉，却是一种因不满足于眼前之景而萌生的期待、盼望之情。
此诗的前六句，重在描绘诗人所见“孤松”之景，写“孤松”枝叶繁茂、清风中显得那样潇洒自得；“孤松”苔绿叶翠，秋烟中更添膘胧之美。这给人以孤傲自恃，超然物外的感觉。末二句，侧重体现出诗人不满足于“孤松”的潇洒自得，向往着“直上数千尺”的凌云之势。（唐）范传正《李白新墓碑》所谓：“常欲一鸣惊人，一飞冲天”之意。这种情感，显然是诗人虽来得重用，却时时怀有凌云壮志渴望施展的内心情怀的一种“借越发挥”。
此诗借用“孤松”、“清风”、“游云”、“日夕”、“苔绿”、“秋烟”、“苔绿”、“云霄”、“染”、“凌”等有巨大气势的事物和表现大起大落的动词，使得诗意具有飞扬跋扈、不可一世的气势，易使读者产生激昂振奋的感觉，侧面衬托出“孤松”潇洒高洁、顽强挺拔的品性，表现出诗人不满足于“孤松”的潇洒自得，向往着“直上数千尺”的凌云之势，表达了诗人刚正不阿的高尚品格，道明诗人崇高的理想和远大的抱负。
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李白《
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咏山樽二首》
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李白《
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初出金门寻王侍御不遇咏壁上鹦鹉》
李白简介
唐代·李白的简介
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李白（701年－762年），字太白，号青莲居士，唐朝浪漫主义诗人，被后人誉为“诗仙”。祖籍陇西成纪(待考)，出生于西域碎叶城，4岁再随父迁至剑南道绵州。李白存世诗文千余篇，有《李太白集》传世。762年病逝，享年61岁。其墓在今安徽当涂，四川江油、湖北安陆有纪念馆。
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