绝句
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宋代]：吴涛
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游子春衫已试单，桃花飞尽野梅酸。
怪来一夜蛙声歇，又作东风十日寒。
绝句译文及注释
译文
离家远游之人试着换上了单薄的春衣，枝头的桃花已凋谢，野生的梅子已经发酸。
奇怪的是忽然一晚蛙鸣声停止了，原来是东风又起，带来了数日的寒冷。
注释
游子：指离家远游之人。
春衫：单薄的春装。
试单：尝试着换上单衣。
怪来：惊疑。
歇：停，这里指蛙畏寒而声息全无。
作：起。
绝句创作背景
此诗载于其弟吴沆的《环溪诗话》。当时诗人正在漂泊异乡，时已暮春，天气和暖，但仍有寒流袭身，作为游子，诗人看万物都富有情味，不免想起远在江西的老家，感于人事变幻，故作此篇。
参考资料：
1、胡小伟主编．中华五千年名诗一万首．河北：河北人民出版社，1995：442
绝句鉴赏
这首诗前两句以视觉角度展现暮春时的和丽景色，后两句以听觉角度从细处描摹气候转变。诗人善于捕捉细节，把难于表现的季候特征写得非常细腻。
前两句写“游子春衫”，游子长年在外，对气候冷暖的变化最易感知。此时游子脱去冬衣而换上单薄的“春衫”，这个视觉形象反映出气候的温煦，又给人一种舒服、轻松的美感。一个“试”字写出游子的心理状态，寓有因气温不稳定而尝试之意，也为后面的“又作东风十日寒”埋下伏笔。次写“桃花”和“野梅”。桃花于仲春开放，但此时已“飞尽”；梅花于初春开放，夏初结梅子，此时则“野梅酸”，二物皆足以显示江南三四月的特征。写桃花，仍从视觉角度，不仅“桃花”二字有色彩感，“尽”前冠以“飞”，又显示了动态美。写梅则从味觉角度，一个“酸”字，足使口舌生津。这两句写气侯乍暖，点出春夏之交的季节。
后两句写忽寒。诗人审美感受相当细腻，也很会捕捉典型的细节：“怪来一夜蛙声歇”，这是从听觉角度落墨，写气候忽冷。诗人很会捕捉典型的细节：先是从听觉角度着笔，前两天气候乍暖时，田蛙也为之欢欣歌唱，增添了暖意。但忽然“一夜蛙声歇”，确令人感到“怪”。“又作东风十日寒”：原来是气温又变寒，青蛙于气温变化极敏感，他们躲进洞里，声息全无，正显示着“东风十日寒”。此句又从触觉角度来写。“十日”与“一夜”相对，时间更长，但毕竟已是“东风”，此“寒”自是强弩之末，不必为之生畏。
这首诗纯然写春夏之交人们对乍暖还寒气候的体验，并无深刻的寓意寄托。但选材精到，体验细致，有跌宕曲折之致。诗人注意全面调动各种审美感觉，从视觉、味觉、听觉、触觉等角度进行描写，使诗的意境显出多层次，多侧面，具有立体感，给人以更丰富的美感。语句清晰，体验真切。通过典型细节和景物描写，表现游子对季候变化特别敏感的某种心理。
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黄庚《
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临平泊舟》
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下一首：
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释宝月《
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估客乐四首》
吴涛简介
唐代·吴涛的简介
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吴涛，生卒年不详，字德邵，崇仁（今属江西）人。是宋高宗绍兴年间著名隐士环溪先生吴沆的大哥。下选 的《绝句》便是吴沆的《环溪诗话》存录的。全宋诗收入其诗四首：《绝句》，《山居》，《在杭日作》，《仲春》。其中以《绝句》广为流传。
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