古词三首
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唐代]：于鹄
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素丝带金地，窗间掬飞尘。
偷得凤凰钗，门前乞行人。
新长青丝发，哑哑言语黠。
随人敲铜镜，街头救明月。
东家新长儿，与妾同时生。
并长两心熟，到大相呼名。
古词三首鉴赏
从李白《长干行》等诗中可以知道，唐时江南的商业城市，市井风俗是开化而淳朴的，男女孩童可以一同玩耍，不必设嫌。“妾发初覆额，折花门前剧。郎骑竹马来，绕床弄青梅。”写的就是这样一种情景。于鹄这首《古词·东家新长儿》，也反映着这样一种生活现实。
这首诗未用第三人称的叙事角度，而取第一人称的“代言”体裁。一位少女提起她的东家少年，似乎全是没紧要的话语，却语语饱含热情，说来十分天真动人。
少女首先提到双方同岁的事实，“东家新长儿，与妾同时生”。通常看来，这不过是寻常巧合而已。
但这寻常巧合由少女津津道来，却包含一种字面所无的意味。每当强调两个人之间牢不可破的情谊时，人们常说“虽然不能同生，也要共死。”似乎两人情同手足而不同生，乃是一种遗憾。而男女同岁，似乎还暗示着某种天缘奇遇。
其次，她又提到“并长——两心熟”。“并长”二字是高度概括的，其中含有足以让人终生回忆的事实：两家关系良好，彼此长期共同游戏，形影相随，有时恼了，一会儿又好了。童年的回忆对任何人都是美好的，童年的伙伴感情也特别亲密，尤其是一男一女之间。“两心熟”，就不光是形影相随而已，而是知心体己，知疼着热。在少时是两小无猜，长成就容易萌生出爱峦。所谓“天涯海角觅知音”“两心熟”是很重要的条件。
最后一句提到的事实更平常，也更微妙：“到大相呼名。”因为自幼以名相呼，沿以成习，长大仍然这样称呼，本是平常不过的事，改称倒恰恰是引人注意的变化。另一方面，人际间的称呼，又暗示着双方的亲疏关系，大有考究。越是文明礼貌的称呼，越适合于陌生的人；关系密切，称呼反倒随便。至于“相呼名”，更是别有一层亲昵的感觉。
短短四句只说着不打紧的话，却处处溢泄出一种青梅竹马之情。此外，诗中两次提到年龄的增长，即“新长”和“到大”，也不容轻易放过。男“新长”而女已大，这个变化不仅仅是属于生理的。男女孩童的友爱，和少男少女的感情，其间有质的区别。
“到大”之后，再好的男女也须疏远，这是受社会文化环境制约的，并不以会人的主观意志为转移。当《古词》的女主人公在心中叨念东家少年——往昔的小伙伴——的时候，或许也感到了这种微妙的变化吧。他们虽然仍沿袭着以名相呼，却不免经常要以礼相见了。
如果现实生活中没有今昔之感，就没有什么必要对往事津津乐道了。
这首诗的语言浅近，著色素淡，但取材巧妙。民谣说：“无郎无姊不成歌”。可见情歌总是很动人的。这首诗并不明言爱情，就此而言可以说是“无郎无姊”，但这种欲言又止、处于萌芽状态的爱情，却风度绝妙。
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佚名《
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东门行》
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柳宗元《
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唐铙歌鼓吹曲·河右平》
于鹄简介
唐代·于鹄的简介
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于鹄，大历、贞元间诗人也。隐居汉阳，尝为诸府从事。其诗语言朴实生动，清新可人；题材方面多描写隐逸生活，宣扬禅心道风的作品。代表作有《巴女谣》、《江南曲》、《题邻居》、《塞上曲》、《悼孩子》、《长安游》、《惜花 》、《南溪书斋》、《题美人》等，其中以《巴女谣》和《江南曲》两首诗流传最广。
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