送郑侍御谪闽中
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唐代]：高适
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谪去君无恨，闽中我旧过。
大都秋雁少，只是夜猿多。
东路云山合，南天瘴疠和。
自当逢雨露，行矣慎风波。
送郑侍御谪闽中译文及注释
译文
你远谪荒瘴，不应该怨恨萦心，朋友，我曾经是去过闽中之人。
到闽中大概很少见到远旅雁阵；深夜，听到的都是哀伤的猿啼。
闽东的山路，到处是云昏岭峻，闽南住久了，瘴疠也不必心悸。
朋友，你一定逢赦，恩沾雨露，珍重啊，风波之献，路上当心！
注释
侍御：官名，即侍御史。负弹劾纠举不法之责。郑侍御为高适的朋友。谪：贬谪，官员降职并调到边远地方做官。闽中：指福州地区。
无恨：不要怨恨。
旧过（guō）：以前去过。过：作往访解。
大都：大概。
合：交融。
瘴疠：山林湿热地区流行的恶性疟疾等传染病。
雨露：比喻朝廷的恩泽。
风波：路途险阻，比喻事物的变动。
参考资料：
1、蒙万夫 等．千家诗鉴赏辞典．西安：世界图书出版公司，2006：454-456
送郑侍御谪闽中创作背景
这是诗人写给朋友郑姓侍御史的送别诗。郑侍御因为犯了过失而被贬放到当时认为是蛮荒之地的福建去，高适写了此诗为之送别。
参考资料：
1、蒙万夫 等．千家诗鉴赏辞典．西安：世界图书出版公司，2006：454-456
送郑侍御谪闽中鉴赏
此诗首联两句从贬官一事说起，安慰朋友不要伤怀过度，并且说自己从前也曾去过闽中。中间两联承上，向朋友如实地介绍那里的荒僻而艰苦的环境。汉代苏武出使匈奴被扣留，匈奴王诈称苏武已死，汉朝乃托称苏武于雁足系书传至汉朝，匈奴王无法推托，只好放苏武回国，故后世又以“雁书”作为书信的代称。因此“大都秋雁少”一句亦含有地处偏远、消息闭塞之意。下句“只是夜猿多”一句暗用郦道元《水经注·三峡》中所引民谣“巴东三峡巫峡长，猿鸣三声泪沾裳”之意。五六两句连读，言一路都是崇山峻岭，云雾缭绕莫要说起，而且还有山林中的毒气（瘴疠）时刻会侵蚀人身，危及生命。云山合，有云雾笼罩山间的意思。下句的“和”，本意是跟着唱。“瘴疠和”是说南方那种瘴疠之气也会跟着“云山合”的阴暗环境一起来助纣为虐，加倍地害人。
这首诗写了朋友的安慰、忠告、劝勉和祝愿之意。诗人担心友人郑姓侍御史的被贬而心中不平、不安，所以诗人在起首就提醒郑侍御对被谪放这件事不要产生恨意，并且以过来人的身分告诉闽中的环境特征；也告诉他复职的希望，所以只要注意旅途上的安全以及意在言外的其它风波外，其它不必耽心。诗人是一位重气节，疾恶如仇的人，若非友人有冤屈，他是不会这么劝的，他希望他的友人能够忍受下来，等待水落石出的一天，然后“自当逢雨露”，重返朝廷。大概贬谪之人最需雨露恩泽，因此诗人劝慰朋友，皇帝的恩泽一定会惠及远谪之人，劝勉朋友要珍重有为。这是至友的真关怀，颇有为友喊冤的意思在内。
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欧阳修《
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