陈遗至孝
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南北朝]：刘义庆
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陈遗至孝。母好食铛底焦饭，遗作郡主簿，恒装一囊，每煮食，辄贮收焦饭，归以遗母。后值孙恩掠郡，郡守袁山松即日出征。时遗已聚敛得数斗焦饭，未及归家，遂携而从军。与孙恩战，败，军人溃散，遁入山泽，无以为粮，有饥馁而死者。遗独以焦饭得活，时人以为至孝之报也。
陈遗至孝译文及注释
译文
陈遗极孝顺。他母亲喜欢吃锅底的焦饭。陈遗担任主簿时，总是收拾好一个口袋，每次煮饭，就把锅底的焦饭(锅巴)储存起来，等到回到家里，就带给母亲。后来遇上孙恩侵入吴郡，当天郡守袁山松就要出兵征讨。这时陈遗已经积攒到几斗锅底的焦饭，来不及回家，便带着随军出征。双方在沪渎开战，袁山松被孙恩打败了，军队溃散，逃入山林沼泽，没有什么可以用来做粮食的，有因为饥饿而死了的人。唯独陈遗靠锅底的焦饭活了下来，当时人们都认为这是对最孝顺的人的报答。
注释
至：很，十分。
铛：锅。
恒：经常，常常。
辄：总是。
贮收：贮存，收藏。贮，积存，储藏。
遗（wèi）：赠予、送给。
值：正好遇到，恰逢。
孙恩：字灵秀，晋安帝隆安三年，聚集数万人起义，攻克会嵇等郡，后来攻打临海郡时遭败，投海而死。
袁山松：时为吴郡太守，被孙恩军队杀害。
即日：当天，当日。
敛：积攒
馁：饥饿。
主簿：郡守的属官，负责文书等事。
陈遗至孝创作背景
隆安三年（公元399年）秋，道教首领孙恩趁机聚众反晋。隆安五年（公元40年），孙思以兵士10余万，船只2000多艘进攻建康。与晋廷所派刘牢之决战于京口，孙恩大败，损失惨重，再次退人海岛。元兴元年（公元402年），孙恩举军攻临海，失败后投海自杀。
参考资料：
1、百度百科.陈遗至孝
陈遗至孝鉴赏
隆安三年（公元399年）秋，道教首领孙恩趁机聚众反晋。隆安五年（公元40年），孙思以兵士10余万，船只2000多艘进攻建康。与晋廷所派刘牢之决战于京口，孙恩大败，损失惨重，再次退人海岛。元兴元年（公元402年），孙恩举军攻临海，失败后投海自杀。
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王翱《
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王翱秉公》
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佚名《
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刘氏善举》
刘义庆简介
唐代·刘义庆的简介
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刘义庆（403—444）汉族，彭城（今江苏徐州）人。字季伯，南北朝文学家。自幼才华出众，爱好文学，并广招四方文学之士，聚于门下。刘宋宗室，袭封临川王，公元444年（元嘉21年）死于建康（今南京）。除《世说新语》外，还著有志怪小说《幽明录》。
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