次石湖书扇韵
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宋代]：姜夔
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桥西一曲水通村，岸阁浮萍绿有痕。
家住石湖人不到，藕花多处别开门。
次石湖书扇韵译文及注释
译文
桥的西头有一条弯曲的河流通向村落，湖水和溪流相接的岸边滞留着绿色的痕迹，那是村中平静的池塘漂流出的浮萍。
主人家住石湖，外人很少来到这里。原来荷花深处别有洞天，主人在那里开立了自己的门户。
注释
次：次韵，古人“和韵”的一种格式，又叫“步韵”，它要求作者用所和的诗的原韵原字，其先后次序也与被和的诗相同，是和诗中限制最严格的一种，就是依次用原韵、原字按原次序相和。石湖：南宋诗人范成大（1126—1193）晚年去职归隐石湖（在今江苏苏州西南十里左右），自号石湖居士。
一曲：水流弯曲处。
阁：通“搁”。放置，搁置。
藕花：莲花。
别：另外，别有洞天。此句的意思为在那荷花深处，主人别有洞天的开了一个小门。
次石湖书扇韵创作背景
宋孝宗淳熙十四年（1187年）夏，范成大归隐石湖后的第一个生日，姜夔从湖州赶往石湖祝寿。他在看了范成大手中扇子上的题诗以后，作了这首《次石湖书扇韵》来抒发他的感受。范成大的原作题扇诗已佚。
参考资料：
1、缪钺 等．宋诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1987：1191
次石湖书扇韵鉴赏
这首诗描绘了一幅绿水环绕，清幽静雅的画面。这幅画面是由小桥、曲水、村落、岸阁、绿萍、荷花、人家、院门等景物，有机组合构成的。
“桥西一曲水通村”，描绘的是江南水乡特有的景色，同时也自远渐近，显现出范成大别墅的方位。湖上烟波浩渺，湖岸林荫繁茂，湖水和溪流相接的岸边滞留着浮萍那绿色的痕迹，作者正是凭借这一点来找到通向村落的道路。这种情形如同武陵渔人发现水上漂流的桃花而寻到桃花源一样，主人所住的地方正是一个深邃的所在。
“岸阁浮萍绿有痕”，雁过留声，人过留名，声名早已被风吹散，让水涤尽；不变的是那岸边的楼阁亭榭，水中的浮萍野鸭，还有那推不开的满眼满怀的绿。即使这一切都已失落，“信脚自能知旧路”，那双在这山青绿水之间走过千百遍的脚，也是识得路的。
“石湖”，就如陶潜的桃花源。它既是指范成大实在的石湖别墅，更指范成大的精神家园，是其历尽世事后的疲惫身心的修养之所，但是，是“不足为外人道”的，外人亦无迹可寻，只有他的知己姜白石寻“痕”而来，穿过“藕花”深处，深扣门扉，吱呀一声，别有洞天，原来门是虚掩着的。同道中人自是轻车熟路，如回家一样，而那趋炎附势的俗人，纵然踏破铁鞋也不得其门而入。把门开在荷花繁盛之处，既是对同道中人的迎接，也是对利禄之徒的婉言谢绝，石湖仙的深意，也只有姜白石这样清俊雅洁的人才能悟得。
第三句写范成大的别墅远离尘世的喧嚣，实际上也是对主人品格的称颂。范成大以廊庙之才，归隐江湖之上。他在朝时，希望能为恢复中原而竭智尽忠，但不得孝宗的信任，御史便挟私憾攻击，于是他落职退隐江湖。他视富贵如浮云，惟恐再染尘世的污秽，所以“家在石湖人不到”。这里的“人”便是指那些趋炎附势的世俗之人。主人能做到“人不到”，足见他的操守之高。因而他能在退隐中怡然自乐，沉醉于自然美景中。“藕花多处别开门”，专开门户在荷花繁盛的地方，体现了主人高雅的志趣。把门开在荷花繁盛之处，既是对同道中人的迎接，也是对利禄之徒的婉言谢绝。石湖仙的深意，也只有情俊雅洁的人能悟得。
三四两句，写景实即写人，此诗赞誉石湖美景，赞扬了主人非同一般的品格和情趣。有人说第三句中的的“人”是指趋炎附势的人，这些人在范氏去职归隐后不再与他来往，范氏却不以为意，反而享受田园之乐，这与作者终生不仕的人生态度相契合。但有的人不赞同这样的观点，认为”人“只是泛指，无人相烦正是幽静的要素，不是写范氏失势后的世态炎凉。
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赵禹圭《
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折桂令·长江浩浩西来》
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张籍《
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凉州词三首·其三》
姜夔简介
唐代·姜夔的简介
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姜夔，南宋文学家、音乐家。人品秀拔，体态清莹，气貌若不胜衣，望之若神仙中人。往来鄂、赣、皖、苏、浙间，与诗人词家杨万里、范成大、辛弃疾等交游。庆元中，曾上书乞正太常雅乐，他少年孤贫，屡试不第，终生未仕，一生转徙江湖，靠卖字和朋友接济为生。他多才多艺，精通音律，能自度曲，其词格律严密。其作品素以空灵含蓄著称，有《白石道人歌曲》等。姜夔对诗词、散文、书法、音乐，无不精善，是继苏轼之后又一难得的艺术全才。
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仙峰削出玉璘珣，阆苑红云片片新。晴带轻烟迎彩仗，暖浮苍蔼护朱轮。
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去觐毗陵日，秋残建业中。莎垂石城古，山阔海门空。
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