冬末同友人泛潇湘
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唐代]：杜荀鹤
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残腊泛舟何处好？最多吟兴是潇湘。
就船买得鱼偏美，踏雪沽来酒倍香。
猿到夜深啼岳麓，雁知春近别衡阳。
与君剩采江山景，裁取新诗入帝乡。
冬末同友人泛潇湘译文及注释
译文
腊月将尽时去哪里泛舟最好呢？吟诗起兴最好之地莫过于潇湘。
靠近湘江正在捕鱼的渔船买来最肥美的鱼儿，逢与落雪时沽来的酒酒香更加醇厚。
夜深之时，深山里的猿啼遍了整片岳麓山，雁子知道春天快到了，就别离衡阳飞回北方。
我与君更好欣赏这江山绮丽之景，裁来新拟的诗句传到长安。
注释
残腊：腊月快要结束的时候。腊，指农历十二月。
吟：吟诗。
潇湘：代指湖南一带。
偏：表示程度，很、最、特别。
倍：加倍。
岳麓（lù）：岳麓山，在湖南长沙。
雁知春近：这里指雁自衡阳而北返。
剩：更。
采：采摘，指欣赏。
帝乡：指原零陵，即现在的永州。
参考资料：
1、上海古籍出版社编．唐五代诗鉴赏．上海：上海古籍出版社，1998：647
2、王力、蒋绍愚等．《古汉语常用字字典》．北京：商务印书馆，2005：480
3、周锡卿主编．《唐诗书画新编·山河壮丽》．北京：团结出版社，2006：411
冬末同友人泛潇湘创作背景
这首诗是杜荀鹤与友人在残冬之时为寻取诗料、游览潇湘时所作的一首清逸之作。诗人于湘江上泛舟，置身世外，自由自在，饮酒、戏风弄雨，一切任其自然，随遇而安，以此为乐。自然的惬意寻求让他感到生活隐逸的闲适，从而写下这首诗。
参考资料：
1、杨琏、艾军选编．《中国古代酒诗词集萃·修订本》．云南：云南美术出版社，2011：129
冬末同友人泛潇湘鉴赏
诗人擅长描摹景物，此诗摄取镜头二三，潇湘水边风味尽出，而诗人逸兴遄飞之态也令人感到可掬。
第一、二两句就题起句，并揭出选择潇湘来游珩的目的是因其“最多吟兴”。“残腊”即为诗题中的“冬末”。古代于冬至后第三个戌日祭百神，谓之“腊”，故又称是日为腊日，十二月为腊月。“残腊”亦即十二月之末。
第三、四两句承接第一句咏冬末乘舟游览之愉快。因为诗人身在船上，所以能就渔舟买来剐捕得的鲜鱼，因是冬末严寒，踏雪沽来的酒也就分外香甜和甘美。这两句写尽“残腊泛舟”所特有的风味，同时也表露了诗人“酒瓮琴书伴病身，熟谙时事乐于贫”的胸襟怀抱。
第五、六两句诗人咏潇湘发人吟兴的景物。潇湘地近衡山，衡山回雁峰是大雁南下后至此返回北方之处。衡山复多猿猴。夜深猿啼，春近雁飞，那些正是潇湘典型的景象。刘禹锡《再授连州至衡阳酮柳柳州赠别》诗的颈联“归目并随回雁尽，愁肠正遇断猿时”，亦以雁、猿对举。此外，猿之哀鸣、雁之返飞，也都是启人愁思、惹人诗肠的景象。恬淡愉快的表象下透露出诗人壮志难酬而不得不“熟谙时事乐于贫”的悲凉心情。
第七、八两句诗人说明这次与友人同泛潇湘的目的，正是为了采其江山之美以“裁取新诗”。“剩”字在此用得十分警策，它既作“没有他事，只为了……”解，又将诗人那种无可奈何的心情表露无遗。“帝乡”指京都，句意谓所作当传诵到长安。盖长安为唐政治文化中心，诗传长安，方称作者，故云。
此诗通篇写泛舟潇湘时的赏心乐事和景色风物，以此表现诗人的淡泊襟怀，同时却又透露出几分无可奈何的悲哀。全诗无一字表述内心，却又将诗人的内心活动表现得真切、丰满，具有较强的艺术魅力。
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再宿武关》
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徐再思《
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普天乐·垂虹夜月》
杜荀鹤简介
唐代·杜荀鹤的简介
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杜荀鹤(846～904)，唐代诗人。字彦之，号九华山人。汉族，池州石埭（今安徽石台）人。大顺进士，以诗名，自成一家，尤长于宫词。大顺二年，第一人擢第，复还旧山。宣州田頵遣至汴通好，朱全忠厚遇之，表授翰林学士、主客员外郎、知制诰。恃势侮易缙绅，众怒，欲杀之而未及。天祐初卒。自序其文为《唐风集》十卷，今编诗三卷。事迹见孙光宪《北梦琐言》、何光远《鉴诫录》、《旧五代史·梁书》本传、《唐诗纪事》及《唐才子传》。
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