蝶恋花·独向沧浪亭外路
[
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 93
清代]：王国维
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 116
独向沧浪亭外路，六曲阑干，曲曲垂杨树。展尽鹅黄千万缕，月中并作濛濛雾。
一片流云无觅处，云里疏星，不共云流去。闭置小窗真自误，人间夜色还如许。
蝶恋花·独向沧浪亭外路译文及注释
译文
独自游览沧浪亭外的景色，弯曲的栏杆旁，种满了垂杨树。它们展开万缕枝条，鹅黄的颜色在月色下像是濛濛的雾气。
天上的云彩找不到了，云彩里的疏星，却没有和云彩一起移动。我平时闭门苦读，真是辜负了这里的夜色啊。
注释
蝶恋花：又名“凤栖梧”“鹊踏枝”等。唐教坊曲名，后用为词牌名。《乐章集》《张子野词》并入“小石调”，《清真集》入“商调”。双调，六十字，上下片各四仄韵。
沧浪亭：苏州城南之名胜。北宋庆历五年（1045年），诗人苏舜钦流寓吴中，购得园址，傍水构亭名“沧浪”，作《沧浪亭记》，自号“沧浪翁”。
六曲阑干：指弯曲迂回的栏杆。阑干，即栏杆。
鹅黄：此处以颜色代指初春的杨柳。
不共：不和、不与。
闭置小窗：即指代闭门读书。闭置，有禁闭的意思，这里是指自我禁闭。自误：指自己耽于闭门读书，辜负了窗外美好的夜色。
如许：像这样，指如此美好。
参考资料：
1、叶嘉莹 安易．王国维词新释辑评．北京：中国书店，2006：209
蝶恋花·独向沧浪亭外路创作背景
《蝶恋花·独向沧浪亭外路》载于《苕华词》，是王国维的早期作品，当作于清德宗三十一年（1905年）春王国维任苏州师范学堂教习之时。当时作者自海宁返回苏州，在沧浪亭外独步时即兴写下此词。
参考资料：
1、叶嘉莹 安易．王国维词新释辑评．北京：中国书店，2006：209
2、孙文光 彭国忠．明清词三百首．合肥：黄山书社，1999：360
3、王国维．人间词话．天津：天津教育出版社，2012：123-124
蝶恋花·独向沧浪亭外路鉴赏
此词上片写作者在沧浪亭外散步时所见夜景。苏州师范学堂与沧浪亭一路相隔。沧浪亭秀美的景色是作者早已熟知的，在月色中诗人禁不住又漫步来到这园林胜地。“独向沧浪亭外路”——没有结伴出游的喧哗，没有行色匆匆的烦恼，所谓“无我之境人唯于静中得之”，要的就是那份能够“以物观物”的从容与安静。这时词人的心态是安详平和的，这种心态最适宜发现美。“独”字写出了作者对沧浪亭由衷的喜爱和自己与众不同的月夜赏景的审美。王国维在苏州师范教习期间，讲授哲学、心理学、逻辑学等课程，并不为时人所重。这个“独”字就是诗人当时心境的写照。“沧浪亭”取“沧浪之水清兮，可以濯吾缨；沧浪之水浊兮，可以濯吾足”之意，而这高雅的情趣正是和诗人的内心世界是相通的。“六曲阑干，曲曲垂杨树”的柔美就不同于《青玉案》中“西风林下，夕阳水际”的凄美；“鹅黄”的娇艳也不同于夕阳的惨淡。当然“六曲阑干，曲曲垂杨树”和“展尽鹅黄千万缕”是从冯延巳《蝶恋花》的“六曲阑干偎碧树，杨柳风轻，展尽黄金缕”化来，但接下来的一句“月中并作濛濛雾”就有了一个从薄暮到月出的时间推移。作者是傍晚来此散步的，所以看到“展尽鹅黄千万缕”的柳丝；然后在不知不觉中夜色已至，月明星出，那千万缕的柳丝就渐渐变成一片濛濛之雾了。这景色就与冯延巳那首词的景色不同，而相似于张若虚《春江花月夜》的醇美与朦胧。
词的下片是写词人在沧浪亭外独步时所见到的天上夜景。月光下，沧浪亭曲折的回廊石栏包裹在层层杨柳之中。那千万枝条正展现出鹅黄嫩绿来，在微微月光的笼罩下，形成一片朦胧的雾气。“一片流云无觅处，云里疏星，不共云流去。”夜色深沉，天上曾有的一片流云已飘逝不见，只有掩映在薄云中的稀稀疏疏的星点，不曾随流云的飘逝而离去，反而显得更加明亮了。夜空宁静而澄澈。这里边也有一个时间的推移：刚才有一片浮云遮住了几颗星星，现在再一抬头，忽然发现那片浮云已消散得无影无踪，而刚才不见了的那几颗星星又在原来的位置闪耀。这景色引人品味，但它与诗的“比兴”是不同的。诗的比兴用意一般比较明显，意思虽各有不同，但表达得都很明确。词的“境界”则不像诗的“比兴”那么明确，它仅仅停留在给读者一种触发而不能落实的状态。而其美感也正存在于这种引发读者丰富联想的言外意蕴之中。王国维这几句词就是如此：读者可以从“流云”领略到某种无常的变幻，也可以从“疏星”联想到某种高远的、不变的东西，还可以从美学想到哲学甚至想到道德伦理。这是一幅十分美丽的月下柔柳图，作者此刻的心情也如夜空般“表里俱澄澈”。作者在感叹“人间夜色还如许”的同时，也不由得要责怪自己“闭置小窗”耽搁了多时的良辰美景了。“闭置小窗”可以有两层含义：一层是自己过去关起门来读书，没有发现外边有这么好的景物可以欣赏；另一层是自己过去钻进人生问题的牛角尖里自寻苦恼，没有发现这种可以陶醉于其中的自然之美的解脱。就像眼前这样的景色，当人摆脱了世俗的烦恼和人生问题的考虑，全身心地投入审美的愉悦，就会发现原来这个世界的夜色也是如此美丽的。
全词上下两片联成一个有机的整体，写出了夜色的可爱与美丽，其中也蕴涵了作者的人生感悟。词中集中选择了两个镜头，一是月下柳林，一是天上云星，景物不多，却立体地写出了春夜的美妙可人，艺术上十分成功。
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 169
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
上一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
秦观《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
金山晚眺》
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 193
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
下一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
朱熹《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
水口行舟二首》
王国维简介
唐代·王国维的简介
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 222
Warning: Use of undefined constant titleurl - assumed 'titleurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 228
王国维（1877年—1927年），字伯隅、静安，号观堂、永观，汉族，浙江海宁盐官镇人。清末秀才。我国近现代在文学、美学、史学、哲学、古文字学、考古学等各方面成就卓著的学术巨子，国学大师。
猜你喜欢
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
读吴汉槎秋笳集有作 其二
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
清代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
屈大均
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
黄鹄歌声苦，何殊汉细君。蛾眉抛白草，凤翮堕青云。
肉酪调斋饭，毛毡制战裙。雪花如掌大，持打皂雕群。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
居延海树闻莺同作
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
唐代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
陈子昂
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
边地无芳树，莺声忽听新。间关如有意，愁绝若怀人。
明妃失汉宠，蔡女没胡尘。坐闻应落泪，况忆故园春。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
初冬有事武闱登三山南楼眺望
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
卢龙云
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
一上层楼寓目宽，南中十月只轻寒。千山雨过林仍绿，万木霜催叶未丹。
骑射此时资讲武，蒐罗他日备登坛。汉家颇牧频推毂，须信封侯事不难。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
会陈亨父
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
顾璘
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
西园虚阁对高林，闭户焚香养道心。胜地几年频怅望，归帆千里一开襟。
云深独鹤萧萧舞，海近寒龙细细吟。明月倚阑无限兴，莫因人世叹浮沉。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
乾封驿早行
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
陆游
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
己巳被驿书，乙亥戒徂两，扶衰犯霜露，疲惫不可状。
夜行星满天，晨起鸡初唱，槁枝烧代烛，冻菜撷供饷。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
题郑侍御蓝田别业
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
唐代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
张乔
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
秋山清若水，吟客静于僧。小径通商岭，高窗见杜陵。
云霞朝入镜，猿鸟夜窥灯。许作前峰侣，终来寄上层。