浣溪沙·残雪凝辉冷画屏
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清代]：纳兰性德
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残雪凝辉冷画屏，落梅横笛已三更，更无人处月胧明。
我是人间惆怅客，知君何事泪纵横，断肠声里忆平生。
浣溪沙·残雪凝辉冷画屏译文及注释
译文
残雪凝辉让温暖的画屏变得冰冷。梅花随凉风飘落，忧伤的笛声传来，已是寂寞黄昏。深夜想起了往事，月色于无人处也好像朦胧起来。
我，世间哀愁的过客，身世凄凉。为何我在知道你的故事后泪流满面？痛彻心扉地哭泣，在断肠声里，因朱彝尊的遭遇而辗转难眠。
注释
浣溪沙：唐教坊曲名，因春秋时期人西施浣纱于若耶溪而得名，后用作词牌名，又名“浣溪纱”“小庭花”等。此调有平仄两体。全词分上下两片，上片三句全用韵，下片末二句用韵，过片二句用对偶句的居多。音节明快，句式整齐，易于上口，为婉约派与豪放派多数词人所常用。
残雪：尚未化尽的雪。
画屏：绘有彩画的屏风。
落梅：古代羌族乐曲名，又名《梅花落》，以横笛吹奏。
月胧（lóng）明：指月色朦胧，不甚分明。
惆怅：伤感，愁闷，失意。客：过客。
参考资料：
1、聂小晴．纳兰词全编笺注典评：中国华侨出版社，2012.05：第268页
2、纳兰容若著．一生最爱纳兰词 全词彩插珍藏版．北京：石油工业出版社，2014.11：44-45页
浣溪沙·残雪凝辉冷画屏创作背景
康熙年间，词人在残雪之夜独自徘徊，联想到自己生活孤独凄苦，饱尝人间离愁别苦，为了表达内心的惆怅，故作下此词。
参考资料：
1、（清）纳兰性德著．纳兰词 精华本．武汉：长江文艺出版社，2014.09：37-39页
浣溪沙·残雪凝辉冷画屏鉴赏
这首词采用上片写景下片抒情的传统手法，是一首以抒发人生惆怅为主题的词。
词的上片整体比较平实，主要下力在于营造氛围上。“残雪凝辉冷画屏，落梅横笛已三更，更无人处月胧明。”点明了环境，包括地点是在书房，时间则是在稍有月色的残雪之夜。接着视觉转换，由视觉转移到听觉上。这句通过“残雪”、“凝辉”、“落梅”、“三更”、“月胧明”等字句，营造出了一种既清且冷，既孤且单的意境，大有“世人皆醉我独醒”的孤独感，而这种感觉大抵只能给人带来痛苦和茫然。
下片在上片的情感氛围笼罩下，突然情感爆发出来。“我是人间惆怅客，知君何事泪纵横”的问句，可谓起的妙绝。这是容若因笛曲起意，自伤身世的哀叹。这两句中似乎有相对的主体，一个是“我是人间惆怅客”的“我”，另一个是“知君何事泪纵横”的君。但从词意看来，更应该是灵犀暗生的独自感慨，而不是朋友间当面的对谈倾诉。所以说，这个“君”指的是容若自己。当一个人倦了，累了，苦了，伤了的时候，便不禁会忍不住地自言自语，自怨自艾，自问自答，何况是纳兰这样的至情至性之人。
最后一句“断肠声里忆平生”更是点睛之笔，短短七字，不禁令人潸然泪下。见惯了哀而不伤，隐而不发，反而更容易被这样痛彻心扉的凄绝之美打动。闭上眼睛仿佛依然能看到词人在那一片断肠声里，落泪伤神。这句有两个方面的作用，一方面是联系了上片下片，将夜半笛声同忆平生结合起来；另一方面，用一个结尾来营造一个新的开始，也就是“忆平生”三个字，这三个字能引导人们联想到词人的生活，去思考更多的东西，可以说是个很好的留白。
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唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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