回乡偶书·其二
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唐代]：贺知章
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离别家乡岁月多，近来人事半消磨。
惟有门前镜湖水，春风不改旧时波。
回乡偶书·其二译文及注释
译文
我离别家乡的时间实在已经是很长久了，回家后才感觉到家乡的人事变迁实在是太大了。
只有门前那镜湖的碧水，在春风吹拂下泛起一圈一圈的波纹，还和五十多年前一模一样。
注释
消磨：逐渐消失、消除。
镜湖：湖泊名，在今浙江绍兴会稽山的北麓，方圆三百余里。贺知章的故乡就在镜湖边上。
回乡偶书·其二创作背景
贺知章在唐玄宗天宝三载（744年），辞去朝廷官职，告老返回故乡越州永兴（今浙江杭州萧山），时已八十六岁。此时距他离开家乡已有五十多个年头了。人生易老，世事沧桑，他心头有无限感慨，于是写下了这组诗。
参考资料：
1、萧涤非 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1983：52-53
回乡偶书·其二鉴赏
这首诗可看作是第一首的续篇。诗人到家以后，通过与亲朋的交谈得知家乡人事的种种变化，在叹息久客伤老之余，又不免发出人事无常的慨叹来。“离别家乡岁月多”，相当于上一首的“少小离家老大回”。诗人之不厌其烦重复这同一意思，无非是因为一切感慨莫不是由于数十年背井离乡引起。所以下一句即顺势转出有关人事的议论：“近来人事半消磨。”这一句看似抽象、客观，实则包含了许多深深触动诗人感情的具体内容，“访旧半为鬼”（杜甫《赠卫八处士》）时发出的阵阵惊呼，因亲朋沉沦而引出的种种嗟叹，无不包孕其中。唯其不胜枚举，也就只好笼而统之地一笔带过了。
三四句笔墨荡开，诗人的目光从人事变化转到了对自然景物的描写上。虽然阔别镜湖已有数十个年头，而在四围春色中镜湖的水波却一如既往。诗人独立镜湖之旁，一种“物是人非”的感触自然涌上了他的心头，于是又写下了“惟有门前镜湖水，春风不改旧时波”的诗句。诗人以“不改”反衬“半消磨”，以“惟有”进一步发挥“半消磨”之意，强调除湖波以外，昔日的人事几乎已经变化净尽了。从直抒的一二句转到写景兼议论的三四句，仿佛闲闲道来，不着边际，实则这是妙用反衬，正好从反面加强了所要抒写的感情，在湖波不改的衬映下，人事日非的感慨显得愈益深沉了。
还需注意的是诗中的“岁月多”“近来”“旧时”等表示时间的词语贯穿而下，使全诗笼罩在一种低回沉思、若不胜情的气氛之中。与第一首相比较，如果说诗人初进家门见到儿童时也曾感到过一丝置身于亲人之中的欣慰的话，那么，到他听了亲朋介绍以后，独立于波光粼粼的镜湖之旁时，无疑已变得愈来愈感伤了。
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苏轼《
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青玉案·送伯固归吴中》
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萧德藻《
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登岳阳楼》
贺知章简介
唐代·贺知章的简介
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贺知章(659—744)，字季真，号四明狂客，汉族，唐越州（今绍兴）永兴(今浙江萧山)人，贺知章诗文以绝句见长，除祭神乐章、应制诗外，其写景、抒怀之作风格独特，清新潇洒，著名的《咏柳》、《回乡偶书》两首脍炙人口，千古传诵，今尚存录入《全唐诗》共19首。
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