咏二疏
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魏晋]：陶渊明
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大象转四时，功成者自去。
借问衰周来，几人得其趣？
游目汉廷中，二疏复此举。
高啸返旧居，长揖储君傅。
饯送倾皇朝，华轩盈道路。
离别情所悲，余荣何足顾！
事胜感行人，贤哉岂常誉！
厌厌阎里欢，所营非近务。
促席延故老，挥觞道平素。
间金终寄心，清言晓未悟。
放意乐余年，遑恤身后虑！
谁云其人亡，久而道弥著。
咏二疏译文及注释
译文
天地四时自运转，完成功业当归还。
请问东周未世后，几人能把其意传？
放眼汉代朝廷内，二疏举止可称赞。
欢快高歌返故乡，告别太子长辞官。
皇朝官吏皆出送，华贵轻车填路问。
悲叹之情为送别，荣华富贵岂足恋！
德操高尚感行人，贤哉之誉岂一般！
乡里安逸相聚欢，经营之事不简单。
邀来故老促席坐，饮酒共将往事谈。
儿女关心遗产事，疏广晓谕出清言。
纵情享乐度余年，死后之事不挂牵。
谁说二疏已亡去？日久其德更粲然。
注释
二疏：指疏广与疏受，汉宣帝时兰陵（今山东省枣庄市东南）人。疏广任太子太傅，其侄疏受任太子少傅，任职五年；疏广认为名已成立，不离去恐有后患，便与疏受一道辞职还乡。当离去时，公卿大夫等送行者车百辆，观者皆叹日：“贤哉二大夫。”皇帝和太子送给二疏很多财物，他们还乡后便以赐金日与亲友宾客宴饮共乐，而不留金为子孙置办房屋田产。事见《汉书·疏广传》。
大象：指天，大自然。《老子》：“大象无形。”又：“执大象。”王弼注：“大象，天象之母也。”转：运行。
借问：请问。衰周来：自东周末期以来。
趣：旨趣，意旨，道理。
游目：随意观览，这里是放眼、回顾的意思。
复：再，恢复。此举：这种行为，指“功成者自去”。
高啸：犹高歌，形容自由自在，无拘无束。
长揖（yī）：旧时拱手高举，自上而下的相见或道别的礼节。《汉书·高帝纪上》：“郦生不拜，长揖。”诗中是指辞谢。储君傅：指太子大傅与太子少傅的职位。储君：太子。
饯（jiàn）行：以酒食送行。倾：尽。
华轩：华贵的轻车，指富贵者乘坐的车子。盈：满。《汉书·疏广传》：“公卿大夫故人邑子设祖道（指饯行），供张东都门外，送者车数百两，辞决而去。”
余荣：剩下的荣华。即指二疏所辞去的官职俸禄。
胜：盛大，佳妙。贤哉岂常誉：《汉书·疏广传》：“道路观者皆曰：‘贤哉二大夫！’或叹息为之下位。”
常：普通，一般。
厌（yān）厌：安逸、安详的样子。《诗经·小雅·湛露》：“厌厌夜饮。”毛传：“厌厌，安也。”阎里：乡里。
近务：眼前之事，指日常平凡的事情。
促席：接席，座位靠近。表示亲近。延：邀请。
挥觞（shāng）：举杯，指饮酒。道：叙说。平素：指往日的事情。
问金终寄心：指疏广的子孙托人间疏广，给他们留下多少钱财以置办房舍田产。寄心：藏在心中的想法，关心。
清言：指疏广所说“贤而多财，则损其志；愚而多财，则益其过”等语。晓未悟：晓谕不明白的人。
放意：纵情。余年：剩下的岁月，指晚年。
遑（huáng）恤（xù）身后虑：哪有闲暇考虑死后的事。遑：闲暇。恤：忧虑。《诗经·邶风·谷风》：“遑恤我后。”《笺》：“追，暇也。恤，忧也。”
其人：指二疏。道：做人之道，指清操。
弥：更加。著：显著，昭著，指广为人知。
参考资料：
1、郭维森 包景诚．陶渊明集全译．贵阳：贵州人民出版社，1992：228-231
咏二疏创作背景
这首诗具体创作时间大致有两说：一说作于南朝宋武帝永初二年（421年）之后不久，约在永初三年（422年），陶渊明五十八岁；一说约在东晋安帝义熙十年（414年），与《杂诗十二首》写作时间相近，陶渊明五十岁。
参考资料：
1、郭维森 包景诚．陶渊明集全译．贵阳：贵州人民出版社，1992：228-231
咏二疏鉴赏
此诗内容可分三个部分。第一部分为开头的六句，为作者对二疏实现“功成者自去”之目标的积极评价；第二部分是继之的八句，是作者根据史实描写二疏辞官回到乡里的场面；第三部分开头八句笔法一转，描写二疏归乡后所过的自由自在的日子，以及他们不屑于“近务”而每日邀请在一起饮宴的情景，接着告诫亲族不要过分关注钱财之事，最后以二疏所奉行的“道”经过时间的洗礼仍闪耀着光辉作结。
此诗在陶渊明的作品中不算很重要，但仍大有意味。诗的写法基本是敷衍史传，这本是咏史诗的老传统，自班固《咏史》以下，作品指不胜屈，陶渊明的高明之处在于“据事直书，而寄托之意自见”。当然，陶渊明也有自己的选择和重点，他固然关注二疏的功成身退，似有自喻之意，而重点并不在此，诗中尤其强调的是疏广“放意乐馀年”，不让子女当“啃老族”——这也曲折地表达了他本人的人生态度。
诗中写得最传神的是“促席延故老，挥觞道平素。问金终寄心，清言晓未悟”这四句。疏广之“问金”是为了“寄心”，不同于一般的查账，他的意思一时未被其族人理解，因此有必要“清言晓未悟”。“问金”，即指《汉书·疏广传》所载：“数问其家金馀尚有几所。”查询还剩下多少钱，是为了把它花光。此事最能表现疏广的风流旷达与深谋远虑。金钱在实际生活中大有作用，关键要看怎么弄钱、怎么花钱。疏广的那一大笔钱来自皇家的恩赐，来路是光明正大、完全合法的，不打算留给子女，则是怕他们因此而损志、益过——他为下一代考虑得很深远。陶渊明最重视的正是疏广拿来开导未觉悟者的那十六字“清言”。
陶渊明也是不忌讳谈钱的，据《宋书》本传载，陶渊明很明确地“谓亲朋曰：‘聊欲弦歌，以为三径之资，可乎？’执事者闻之，以为彭泽令”。归隐也得有一定的本钱。他在《归去来兮辞》的序里说过，到彭泽去当县令，就是想弄点“公田之利”来喝酒，说法比较风雅，而不讳言过日子要花钱。然而他同疏广一样，也不打算给子女留下多少钱——事实上他也没有什么钱，想通这样的道理就显得更为必要。
其实，在陶渊明之前，西晋诗人张协已先写过一首咏二疏的《咏史》诗：“昔在西京时，朝野多欢娱。蔼蔼东门外，群公祖二疏。朱轩曜京城，供帐临长衢。达人知止足，遗荣忽如无。抽簪解朝衣，散发归海隅。行人为陨涕，贤哉此丈夫！挥金乐当年，岁暮不留储。顾谓四座宾，多财为累愚。清风激万代，名与天壤俱。咄此蝉冕客，君绅宜见书。”张协也是根据《汉书·疏广传》加以敷衍，他也关注到“多财为累愚”这样的道理，内容与陶诗大同小异；但二者之间尚有细微的差别。一是张诗多有教训别人的气味，与陶渊明的读书得间、与古人共鸣有所不同；二是张诗大抵平均使用力量，完全按史传材料敷衍，看不出独特的心得和立言的重点。当然，张协是很优秀的诗人，其人被钟嵘的《诗品》列入上品，称为“旷代之高手”，他这首诗曾被收入萧统的《文选》，但其水平离陶渊明的《咏二疏》尚有一定的差距。
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纳兰性德《
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梦江南·新来好》
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王粲《
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从军诗五首·其四》
陶渊明简介
唐代·陶渊明的简介
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陶渊明（约365年—427年），字元亮，（又一说名潜，字渊明）号五柳先生，私谥“靖节”，东晋末期南朝宋初期诗人、文学家、辞赋家、散文家。汉族，东晋浔阳柴桑人（今江西九江）。曾做过几年小官，后辞官回家，从此隐居，田园生活是陶渊明诗的主要题材，相关作品有《饮酒》、《归园田居》、《桃花源记》、《五柳先生传》、《归去来兮辞》等。
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明代：
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吴与弼
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峭拔立云端，能生逆旅欢。但惜世无摩诘手，不能移向画图看。
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用晦以三寸箧贮金字佛经咒二十余卷精工之甚感而赋谢
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明代：
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王世贞
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函端舍利发，知尔不成空。老眼粗能辨，僧翻未易终。
真文玄奘熟，梵字苑咸工。大类群龙藏，收来一钵中。
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观怀素草书歌
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唐代：
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贯休
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张颠颠后颠非颠，直至怀素之颠始是颠。师不谭经不说禅，
筋力唯于草书朽。颠狂却恐是神仙，有神助兮人莫及。
铁石画兮墨须入，金尊竹叶数斗馀。半斜半倾山衲湿，
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鹧鹄天 暮春口占
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清代：
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周翼椿
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仄仄轻寒褪袷衣。清和天气夏来时。雨馀新绿连云暗，风过残红满院飞。
焚百和，理金徽。新词自咏送春归。春驹不识韶华去，犹逐馀香飐粉衣。