寄荆州张丞相
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唐代]：王维
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所思竟何在，怅望深荆门。
举世无相识，终身思旧恩。
方将与农圃，艺植老丘园。
目尽南飞雁，何由寄一言。
寄荆州张丞相译文及注释
译文
我所思念的人在何方？重山叠嶂，只能怅然遥望荆州。
我虽满腹才华，可天下却无人赏识，没有您张丞相的擢升，恐怕我还寂寂无名。您的知遇之恩，我终身难忘。
您遭不幸，被贬荆州，我也将追随您，退出这污浊的官场。归隐田园。
南飞的大雁呀，你们振翅高飞，可是怎能将我的思绪传与荆州的故人？
注释
荆州：治所在今湖北江陵。张丞相：即张九龄。张九龄于开元二十五年（737年）四月贬为荆州大都督府长史。
所思：所思慕的人，所思虑的事。《楚辞·九歌·山鬼》：“被石兰兮带杜衡，折芳馨兮遗所思。”
怅望：惆怅地看望或想望。南朝齐谢朓《新亭渚别范零陵》诗：“停骖我怅望，辍棹子夷犹。”荆门：山名，在湖北省宜都县西北长江南岸。此处借指荆州。
举世：普天下。《庄子·逍遥游》：“举世誉之而不加劝，举世非之而不加沮。”
方将：将来，未来。南朝宋谢灵运《拟魏太子邺中集诗》序：“汉武帝徐乐诸才，备应对之能，而雄猜多忌，岂获晤言之适，不诬方将，庶必贤于今日尔。”农圃：种粮和种菜的人。晋张载《七哀诗》：“颓陇并垦发，萌隶营农圃。”
艺植：种植，耕种，栽植。《北史·铁勒传》：“近西边者，颇为艺植，多牛而少马。”老丘园：终老于田园。《旧唐书·刘黑闼传》：“天下已平，乐在丘园为农夫耳。起兵之事，非所愿也。”
飞雁：一作“飞鸟”。飞：《全唐诗》校：“一作无。”
何由：怎能。南朝宋谢灵运《石门新营所住四面高山回溪石濑修竹茂林》诗：“美人游不还，佳期何由敦？”
参考资料：
1、彭定求 等．全唐诗（上）．上海：上海古籍出版社，1986：291
2、邓安生 等．王维诗选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1990：128-129
寄荆州张丞相创作背景
此诗作于唐玄宗开元二十五年（737年）。开元二十二年（734年），张九龄为中书令，次年擢王维为右拾遗，是年王维三十五岁。王维视张九龄为伯乐、恩人。当张九龄被贬荆州之后，举朝之士但求自保，王维却不避权贵，写成此诗表达对张的知遇之恩。
参考资料：
1、邓安生 等．王维诗选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1990：128-129
寄荆州张丞相鉴赏
《寄荆州张丞相》这首诗寄托作者对张九龄的深切怀念，抒发世无知音，自己也将归老田园的情怀。
首联起笔疑问，设置悬念，然后用脑海中的想象做答，并点题，表明对张丞相的思念。“所思竟何在”，诗人“思”那名动一时的名相在哪里，接着“怅望深荆门”，既表达了对张九龄的深深怀念，又写出了对当时黑暗政治的不满。颔联则是加深了这种不满的感情，在抒情上更进一层。“举世无相识，终身思旧恩”，追忆往事，诉说自己仕途的坎坷及对张九龄赏识、提拔自己的感激。“无相识”略显夸张，有明显的奉承之意；或有双关意，指别的丞“相”不“识”己的意思。颈联表明自己的立场：“方将与农圃，艺植老丘园”，说明自己不会与昏暗的官僚门同流合污，将隐居于山川田园之中。那山水田园就是诗人在红尘中一直所沉吟向往的地方，表达了诗人归隐的决心。尾联讲寄言，“目尽南飞雁，何由寄一言？”眼睛望着南飞雁，一直看它们飞到天边的尽头，消失为止，与“怅望”首尾呼应。此处用了“雁”、“言”谐音，似乎也是在说或许那南飞雁能帮诗人捎带去吧。诗人寄思念之情于南飞大雁中，更以鸿雁过尽，无从寄书，抒发自己难言的隐痛，意在言外。
全诗以景结束，苏轼赞王维“诗中有画”，“目尽南飞雁”有这个意思。以此收束全文，低吟婉转，更觉深沉。诗歌语言朴实无华，自然天成，处处透露出作者的真情实意。
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韩愈《
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广宣上人频见过》
王维简介
唐代·王维的简介
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王维（701年－761年，一说699年—761年），字摩诘，汉族，河东蒲州（今山西运城）人，祖籍山西祁县，唐朝诗人，有“诗佛”之称。苏轼评价其：“味摩诘之诗，诗中有画；观摩诘之画，画中有诗。”开元九年（721年）中进士，任太乐丞。王维是盛唐诗人的代表，今存诗400余首，重要诗作有《相思》《山居秋暝》等。王维精通佛学，受禅宗影响很大。佛教有一部《维摩诘经》，是王维名和字的由来。王维诗书画都很有名，非常多才多艺，音乐也很精通。与孟浩然合称“王孟”。
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