蝶恋花·莫斗婵娟弓样月
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清代]：王国维
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莫斗婵娟弓样月，只坐蛾眉，消得千谣诼。臂上宫砂那不灭，古来积毁能销骨。
手把齐纨相诀绝，懒祝西风，再使人间热。镜里朱颜犹未歇，不辞自媚朝和夕。
蝶恋花·莫斗婵娟弓样月译文及注释
译文
不需要攀比眉毛的式样，免得惹来谣言嫉妒。女子手臂上宫砂怎么会不消失，流言飞语自古以来都是很厉害的呀。
手里拿着团扇，我和他的恩情已经断绝了。我也心灰意冷，不打算重新修好。我镜中的容颜依旧美好，每天不分早晚地自娱自乐、寻找乐趣。
注释
蝶恋花：又名“凤栖梧”“鹊踏枝”等。唐教坊曲，后用作词牌。《乐章集》《张子野词》并入“小石调”，《清真集》入“商调”。赵令畤有《商调蝶恋花》，联章作《鼓子词》，咏《会真记》事。双调，六十字，上下片各四仄韵。
斗：比赛，争胜。
婵娟：姿态美好貌，亦可形容月色明媚。
弓样月：弯月，古人常以弯月喻眉。
只坐：只因为。
蛾眉：蚕峨触须细长而弯曲，因以比喻女子美丽的眉毛。
消得：值得。
宫砂：即“守宫砂”，以朱砂饲壁虎捣烂而成者，旧谓涂于妇女臂上可验贞操。
那（nǎ）不灭：怎能不消失。那，同“哪”。
积毁能销骨：谓众口不断毁谤，会致人于死地。
手把：手拿。
齐纨：本是春秋齐地出产的一种白细绢，后因以指代团扇。
诀绝：长别。
祝西风：向西风祝祷。
朱颜：红润美好的容颜。
犹未歇：还没有消失。
自媚：犹自娱。自寻乐趣，自我欣赏。
参考资料：
1、叶嘉莹，安易编著．王国维词新释辑评：中国书店，2006.1：第265-270页
2、王国维著．山有扶疏编,一生最爱人间词 为伊消得人憔悴 附 人间词话：天津教育出版社，2012.08：第130页
蝶恋花·莫斗婵娟弓样月创作背景
1905年，罗振玉在苏州建房，被人诬其占用校地，罗愤而辞职。王国维当时跟随罗振玉在同一学堂任教，不平而鸣，遂作此词，盖借遭谤失宠却不屈决裂的女子，表达了词人不愿流俗的激愤心情。
参考资料：
1、王国维著．山有扶疏编,一生最爱人间词 为伊消得人憔悴 附 人间词话：天津教育出版社，2012.08：第130页
蝶恋花·莫斗婵娟弓样月鉴赏
此词的上片写遭受潘害的怨恨，作者尽情发泄了对人言可畏的险恶环境的憎恶。开头就说：再也不要与别人争比新月一样娟秀的蛾眉了，这只能惹来麻烦。用突兀而起的笔法，强烈地表现因才遭忌的不平，也可见出作者在下笔时，如骨鲠在喉，不得不发的愤激心情。只因为这美好的容颜，也不知招来多少谣言和污蔑，使他痛感小人之口，利于刀剑。既然自古以来不断的毁谤能够伤人至骨，点在臂上标志贞洁的宫砂不可能因诬诉而消褪。在上片中，作者写了一个可怕的黑白颠倒的世界。流言蜚语的邪风毒化着空气，贞洁可以被说成淫荡，美好反而被视为丑陋。这种环境令人窒息，令人愤慨。
下片写遇谗失宠后，决心贞操自守，表现了退然不同的决裂态度，女主人公手持象征高洁的纨扇，不愿作乞怜之态，更不会去祈祷秋风再热。她自信红颜未减，宁愿与镜中情影朝夕相对，孤芳自赏。与其以媚态事人，何如“自媚”。从依附于人到自我价值的肯定，这的确是一大进步。这首别出机杼，一反传统立意，表现出作者在逆境中不失其孤傲的性格。措辞激烈，作斩钉截铁语，在词中这已经显示出一种特殊的风格；而同时柔中有刚，愤激中仍不胜凄惋之感，更为难得。【3】
这首词，词情甚为凄苦，而情绪却较饱满，虽然充满压抑感，但人物的斗志仍然昂扬。上下两片，前写积毁之重，内心之悲愤，后写对待“积毁”的坚决态度，傲然独立，决不低眉事人，一气呵成，人物形象鲜明。写美人的遭诽谤，美女的“自媚”中，也许有诗人自己生活经历中的影子。
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韦应物《
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黄庭坚《
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题胡逸老致虚庵》
王国维简介
唐代·王国维的简介
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王国维（1877年—1927年），字伯隅、静安，号观堂、永观，汉族，浙江海宁盐官镇人。清末秀才。我国近现代在文学、美学、史学、哲学、古文字学、考古学等各方面成就卓著的学术巨子，国学大师。
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