五美吟·明妃
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清代]：曹雪芹
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绝艳惊人出汉宫，红颜命薄古今同。
君王纵使轻颜色，予夺权何畀画工？
五美吟·明妃鉴赏
这首诗是《红楼梦》中林黛玉惜“古史中有才色的女子”的寄慨之作。林黛玉自谓：“曾见古史中有才色的女子，终身遭际令人可欣、可羡、可悲、可叹者甚多，……胡乱凑几首诗，以寄感慨。”恰好被贾宝玉翻见，将这组诗题为《五美吟》。《五美吟·明妃》就是其中之一。
组诗中所写的人事其实并非都据史实。如东施效颦出自《庄子》，带有寓言性质；《西京杂记》中所写王昭君不肯贿赂画工以致不为汉元帝所知而被诏使出塞的情节只是传说；至于出自《虬髯客传》的红拂形象则更经传奇作者的艺术加工。
这首诗中的议论原本是借古讽今，为现实感受而发。林黛玉讥刺汉元帝大权旁落，听命于画工，表现了她自己不肯听人摆布的独立性格。
诗中所咏与小说情节的某种照应关系，这是可以研究的问题。《五美吟》写的都是关于死亡或别离的内容，有的还涉及事败或者获罪被拘系，这就不是偶然的了。在现存材料很少的条件下，要确切地阐明作者的意图还是不容易的。在《红楼梦》戚序本与甲辰本上有一条早期批语说：“《五美吟》与后《十独吟》对照。”《十独吟》在后四十回续书中没有，当是已散失的后半部原稿中薛宝钗或史湘云所写的诗。从诗题看，大概是借古史上十个独处的女子如寡妇、弃妇、尼姑和离别丈夫的妇女等的愁怨，来写书中人物的现实感触的。所谓“对照”当也不仅仅限指诗题。
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曹雪芹《
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五美吟·虞姬》
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曹雪芹《
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五美吟·西施》
曹雪芹简介
唐代·曹雪芹的简介
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曹雪芹，名霑，字梦阮，号雪芹，又号芹溪、芹圃。清代著名文学家，小说家。先祖为中原汉人，满洲正白旗包衣出身。素性放达，曾身杂优伶而被钥空房。爱好研究广泛：金石、诗书、绘画、园林、中医、织补、工艺、饮食等。他出身于一个“百年望族”的大官僚地主家庭，因家庭的衰败饱尝人世辛酸，后以坚韧不拔之毅力，历经多年艰辛创作出极具思想性、艺术性的伟大作品《红楼梦》。
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