竹枝词二首·其一
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唐代]：刘禹锡
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杨柳青青江水平，闻郎江上踏歌声。(踏歌声一作：唱歌声)
东边日出西边雨，道是无晴却有晴。(却有晴一作：还有晴)
竹枝词二首·其一译文及注释
译文
杨柳青青江水宽又平，听见情郎江上踏歌声。
东边日出西边下起雨，说是无晴但是还有晴。
注释
竹枝词：乐府近代曲名。又名《竹枝》。原为四川东部一带民歌，唐代诗人刘禹锡根据民歌创作新词，多写男女爱情和三峡的风情，流传甚广。后代诗人多以《竹枝词》为题写爱情和乡土风俗。其形式为七言绝句。
晴：与“情”谐音。《全唐诗》：也写作“情”。
竹枝词二首·其一创作背景
刘禹锡于唐穆宗长庆二年（822）正月至长庆四年（824）夏在夔（kuí）州任刺史，作《竹枝词》十一首。十一首《竹枝词》分为两组，这是其中一组二首，作于另九首（《竹枝词九首》）之后，大约是诗人前组九首完成后，又重新创做完成的。
参考资料：
1、梁守中．刘禹锡诗文选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1990：42
2、萧涤非 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1983：831-832
竹枝词二首·其一鉴赏
《竹枝词》是古代四川东部的一种民歌，人民边舞边唱，用鼓和短笛伴奏。赛歌时，谁唱得最多，谁就是优胜者。刘禹锡任夔（kuí）州刺史时，非常喜爱这种民歌，他学习屈原作《九歌》的精神，采用了当地民歌的曲谱，制成新的《竹枝词》，描写当地山水风俗和男女爱情，富于生活气息。体裁和七言绝句一样。但在写作上，多用白描手法，少用典故，语言清新活泼，生动流畅，民歌气息浓厚。刘禹锡创作多首《竹枝词》，这是其中一首。
这是一首描写青年男女爱情的诗歌。它描写了一个初恋的少女在杨柳青青、江平如镜的清丽的春日里，听到情郎的歌声所产生的内心活动。
首句“杨柳青青江水平”，描写少女眼前所见景物，用的是起兴手法。所谓“兴”，就是触物起情，它与后文要表达的情事。并无直接关系，但在诗中却是不可少的。这一句描写的春江杨柳，最容易引起人的情思，于是很自然地引出了第二句：“闻郎江上唱歌声”。这一句是叙事，写这位少女在听到情郎的歌声时起伏难平的心潮。最后两句：“东边日出西边雨，道是无晴却有晴”，是两个巧妙的隐喻，用的是语意双关的手法。“东边日出”是“有晴”，“西边雨”是“无晴”。“晴”和“情”谐音，“有晴”、“无晴”是“有情”、“无情”的隐语。“东边日出西边雨”，表面是“有晴”、“无晴”的说明，实际上却是“有情”、“无情”的比喻。这使这个少女听了，真是感到难以捉摸，心情忐忑不安。但她是一个聪明的女子，她从最后一句辨清了情郎对她是有情的，因为句中的“有”、“无”两字中，着重的是“有”。因此，她内心又不禁喜悦起来。这句用语意双关的手法，既写了江上阵雨天气，又把这个少女的迷惑、眷恋和希望一系列的心理活动巧妙地描绘出来。
此诗以多变的春日天气来造成双关，以“晴”寓“情”，具有含蓄的美，对于表现女子那种含羞不露的内在感情，十分贴切自然。最后两句一直成为后世人们所喜爱和引用的佳句。
用谐音双关语来表达思想感情，是我国从古代到现代民歌中常用的一种表现手法。这首诗用这种方法来表达青年男女的爱情，更为贴切自然，既含蓄，又明朗，音节和谐，颇有民歌风情，但写得比一般民歌更细腻，更含蓄。因此，历来为人们所喜爱传诵。
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曹植《
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仙人篇》
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佚名《
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西洲曲》
刘禹锡简介
唐代·刘禹锡的简介
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刘禹锡（772－842），字梦得，汉族，中国唐朝彭城（今徐州）人，祖籍洛阳，唐朝文学家，哲学家，自称是汉中山靖王后裔，曾任监察御史，是王叔文政治改革集团的一员。唐代中晚期著名诗人，有“诗豪”之称。他的家庭是一个世代以儒学相传的书香门第。政治上主张革新，是王叔文派政治革新活动的中心人物之一。后来永贞革新失败被贬为朗州司马（今湖南常德）。据湖南常德历史学家、收藏家周新国先生考证刘禹锡被贬为朗州司马其间写了著名的“汉寿城春望”。
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